Eubulus, fr. 123 K.–A. = fr. 126 Hunter is incompletely preserved in the epitome of Ath. Deipn. 1.23b:
εἴρηται δὲ τὸ βρέχειν καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ πίνειν. Ἀντιφάνης·
δεῖ γὰρ φαγόντας δαψιλῶς βρέχειν.
Εὔβουλος· Σίκων ἐγὼ
βεβρεγμένος ἥκω καὶ κεκωθωνισμένος.
A. πέπωκας οὗτος; Sikon: <– ⏑ –> πέπωκ’ ἐγώ,
μὰ <τὸν> Δία τὸν Μενδαῖον.
The word brechein [lit. ‘moisten’] has also been used of drinking. Antiphanes:
‘After all, those who have eaten must drink [brechein] greedily.’
Eubulus: ‘I, Sikon,
am here—sloshed [bebregmenos] and in my cups.’ …
A: ‘Hey, are you drunk?’ Sikon: ‘[…] I am drunk, not by Zeus of Mende.’
The epitome of Athenaeus does not retain all the details of how these comic fragments were embedded in the conversation which Athenaeus originally presented, though the extract's first sentence shows that one purpose was to exemplify the application of βρέχω to drinking. Editors of both Athenaeus and Eubulus have left the connection of the latter's fragment to its conversational context at that.Footnote 1 I submit that what follows in the epitome, as well as what precedes, casts light both on that connection and on how we should restore the text.
Athenaeus’ epitome continues with:
(1) an initial claim that the proper application of ἀναπίπτω is to the soul (‘I flag’);
(2) citations for other senses of the verb, namely ‘I give ground’ (Thuc. 1.70) and ‘I lean back’ of rowers (Cratinus, PCG fr. 332; Xen. Oec. 8.8);
(3) a claim that ἀνάκειμαι properly means ‘I am dedicated’, not ‘I recline’, which is κατάκειμαι or κατακλίνω;
(4) acknowledgement that ἀνάκειμαι is in fact found in the sense ‘I recline’;
(5) an abrupt return at 23e to citations of ἀναπίπτω, this time in the sense ‘I fall on my back’ (Eur. Cyc. 410; Alexis, PCG fr. 295).
To judge from the parts of Athenaeus where we do not rely on an epitome, Larensis’ guests are likely to have been competing in mastery of the usage of ἀναπίπτω and, in passing, of the similar verb ἀνάκειμαι.Footnote 2 (4) refutes (3). (2) may similarly refute (1), or be a qualification offered by the initial speaker. (5) adds a point overlooked in (1)–(2), and was perhaps uttered by the same character as (4) and with the same critical tone.
With a very slight emendation we can restore the fragment of Eubulus so that it would naturally spark the ensuing linguistic discussion of ἀναπίπτω.
Sikon's use of (-)πέπτωκα after πέπωκας would be a pun, which was prone to corruption through assimilation. Claim (1) would follow as an interpretation of the sense of the fragment, or in an argument that Sikon (or Eubulus) misused the verb; claim (5) would circle back to correct this.
What should fill the remaining syllables? The μά strongly suggests that Sikon's asseveration was negated, which leads me to suggest <οὐδέ γ’>. The whole fragment might then be translated:
This reconstruction fits a comic and (within the realm of drunkenness) coherent scenario, though naturally the details cannot all be reconstructed with confidence. Sikon first acknowledges that he is drunk, then denies it: this abrupt volte-face is an attempted cover-up, motivated by the intervention of the other speaker (‘A.’). The likely tone of this intervention is suggested by οὗτος as a mode of address. This idiom, which does not survive elsewhere in Eubulus’ fragments, is particularly frequent in Aristophanes and Menander, where it either grabs attention or shows exasperation, and often does both.Footnote 3 For a purely attention-seeking ‘hey’, the word-order οὗτος, πέπωκας; was available.Footnote 4 On balance, therefore, I think it likely that A. is upset about Sikon's drunkenness. ‘Sikon’ tends to be a cook's name, so A. could be the man who has hired him.Footnote 5 Sikon would in this scenario have delivered his first utterance without anticipating A.’s presence. A. could be present onstage already, or enter immediately and see Sikon reeling, or holding up a large cup (say). Sikon's cover-up would be inebriatedly inept, since he cannot keep himself from a merry pun, whose point is that he clearly cannot be called drunk if he has not yet fallen on his back. He then chooses to swear by Zeus of Mende, a town famous for its wine.Footnote 6 An alternative, if πέπωκας οὗτος was compatible with friendliness in a colloquial register free from politeness strategies, would be that A. is well disposed to Sikon, whose silly answer is drunken banter.
In either scenario, if Sikon stumbles (but does not fall) after κεκωθωνισμένος, it would give further point to A.’s question and to Sikon's wordplay on ἀναπίπτω. Like the statue of Anacreon described in Leonidas of Tarentum 90 G–P, wine has made his legs wobble, but he has not yet fallen.
In summary, this fragment of Eubulus stands in need of restoration. The conjecture <οὐδέ γ’ ἀνα>πέπ<τ>ωκ’ produces a stageable snippet of dialogue and, unlike previous attempts, a good pun inside the fragment and a good logical flow in Athenaeus’ epitome.
