Introduction
The Methana Peninsula is located in the Saronic Gulf, northwest of the island of Poros and south of Aegina (Fig. 1). It appears to be the youngest part of the South Aegean Volcanic Arc (SAVA), with an age of c.0.9 million years. Most of Aegina, the southernmost part of Poros and the Methana Peninsula constitute the northwestern part of the aforementioned volcanic arc. The Hellenic volcanic arc was formed as a result of the subduction of the African plate beneath the Eurasian plate (Dewey et al., Reference Dewey, Helman, Turco, Hutton, Knott, Coward, Dietrich and Park1989). This arc is outlined from west to east mainly by the Methana Peninsula and the islands of Milos, Santorini and Nisyros (Mayley & Johnson, Reference Mayley and Johnson1971). There are four active volcanoes in the arc, namely Santorini, Nisyros, Milos and the study area.
The Saronic Gulf and the Methana Peninsula.
The Methana Peninsula extends over an area of 58 km2 and has c.2100 inhabitants. There are indications that the Methana Peninsula was first inhabited c.5000 years ago.
The Methana Peninsula is almost an island, connected to the mainland only by a 300 m wide isthmus. Its almost circular shape is broken to the northwest by a projection formed by the hill of Panaghia – a mass of grey limestone (Upper Triassic–Lower Jurassic), and to the south by the limestone of Mali Bardi (Upper Jurassic–Cretaceous) extending to the isthmus (Fig. 2) (Dietrich et al., Reference Dietrich, Gaitanakis, Mercolli and Oberhänsli1991). These formations are the sedimentary substrate of the Methana volcanoes at depths not exceeding c.1000 m below sea level (Volti, Reference Volti1999). Geotectonically, the study area belongs to the Pelagonic–Subpelagonic zone (Katsikatsos, Reference Katsikatsos1992).
Simplified geological map of the Methana Peninsula (according to Dietrich et al., Reference Dietrich, Gaitanakis, Mercolli and Oberhänsli1991).
The volcanic sequences of the peninsula consist principally of andesitic and dacitic lava domes and flows (Fig. 2) extending radially from its central part (Pe-Piper & Piper, Reference Pe-Piper and Piper2002). The topography shows that the domes were partially formed by thick streamlets of viscous lava issuing from separate fissures (Pe, Reference Pe1973). The volcanic activity probably started at the Plio-Pleistocene boundary, although the oldest dated rocks are 0.9 million years old. The most recent volcanic activity was a weak eruption that produced andesitic lava from Kameno Vouno in 230 bc and was described by Strabo (Stothers & Rampino, Reference Stothers and Rampino1983). The volcanism is believed to be associated with the subduction of the eastern Mediterranean beneath the Aegean Plate (McKenzie, Reference McKenzie1970; Nicholls, Reference Nicholls1971).
The study area is mainly mountainous, the highest peak being Mt. Chelona (740 m), while small and scattered gravelly beaches can be found on the coast. The hydrographical network is extremely limited, with no obvious run-off, not even as rivulets. This may be due to the substrate type (volcanic), which is rich in fissures and cracks into which rainwater disappears, rather than to the low annual precipitation. Thermal sulphuric springs exist at sea level near to the town of Methana and in the northern part of the peninsula.
The Methana Peninsula is in an arid part of Greece (Kotini-Zampakas, Reference Kotini-Zampakas1983; Lienau, Reference Lienau1989; Ministry of Development, 2003). According to the climatic diagrams in Emberger (Reference Emberger1952) and Sauvage (Reference Sauvage1961) the study area belongs to the semi-arid bioclimatic zone with a mild winter. According to the xerothermic index (x) (Bagnouls & Gaussen, Reference Bagnouls and Gaussen1953) it also belongs to the strong Thermo-mediterranean zone, with a long dry period from early May to mid September.
Haussknecht (1893–1899) was the first botanist to report on plants from the Methana Peninsula. Most records, however, are from Rechinger (1943), and in more recent times from Strid & Tan (Reference Strid and Tan1997, Reference Strid and Tan2002). Information on some endemic taxa occurring in the area is given by Tan & Iatrou (Reference Tan and Iatrou2001). However, none of the abovementioned botanists focused their research in the Methana Peninsula. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to thoroughly investigate the flora of the Methana Peninsula.
The phytogeographical affinities between the Methana Peninsula and the large islands of the Saronic Gulf, Poros (Zaganiaris, Reference Zaganiaris1940; Rechinger, 1943; Strid & Tan, Reference Strid and Tan1997, Reference Strid and Tan2002; Tan & Iatrou, Reference Tan and Iatrou2001), Salamina and Aegina (Vallianatou, Reference Vallianatou2005), are also examined.
Materials and Methods
Several collecting and field observation trips to the study area were undertaken between autumn 2007 and spring 2011 in order to acquire an integrated knowledge of its flora and vegetation. Herbarium specimens are deposited at the Botanical Museum of the University of Patras (UPA). Species identification and nomenclature are according to Tutin et al. (1964–1980, 1993), Pignatti (Reference Pignatti1982), Tan & Iatrou (Reference Tan and Iatrou2001), Greuter et al. (1984–1989), Greuter (Reference Greuter2008) and Strid & Tan (Reference Strid and Tan1997, Reference Strid and Tan2002). For family delimitation we follow APG III (2009). The nomenclature and status of the endemic taxa recorded in the Methana Peninsula was based on Tan & Iatrou (Reference Tan and Iatrou2001) and Georgiou & Delipetrou (Reference Georgiou and Delipetrou2010). The life-form categories follow Raunkiaer (Reference Raunkiaer1934), while Pignatti’s (Reference Pignatti1982) classification was used for the chorological analysis (see the Appendix for abbreviations used). To assess the Methana Peninsula’s floristic affinities we used bibliographical data for Salamina and Aegina (Vallianatou, Reference Vallianatou2005) and Poros (Zaganiaris, Reference Zaganiaris1940; Rechinger, 1943; Strid & Tan, Reference Strid and Tan1997, Reference Strid and Tan2002; Tan & Iatrou, Reference Tan and Iatrou2001). Sørensen’s index (Sørensen, Reference Sørensen1948), as well as the statistical software SPSS 16, was used for the cross-correlation between the islands.
Results
Flora
The vascular flora of the Methana Peninsula comprises 620 taxa, belonging to 322 genera and 81 families (Table 1).
Number of vascular plant taxa in the flora of the Methana Peninsula
The literature survey revealed 240 bibliographical reports for the study area (Haussknecht, 1893–1899; Rechinger, 1943; Strid & Tan, Reference Strid and Tan1997, Reference Strid and Tan2002; Tan & Iatrou, Reference Tan and Iatrou2001) in which 380 taxa were not recorded as previously known from the Methana Peninsula (see the Appendix). Thirty-five taxa are Greek endemics, 20 of which are new records for the study area. Eight Balkan endemics are also new records for the peninsula. Sixty-two of the new records and 101 taxa overall are under some protection status.
The largest family in the flora of the Methana Peninsula is the Fabaceae (88 taxa), followed by the Asteraceae and Poaceae (79 and 53 taxa, respectively). These three families account for more than one third of the total flora (36%). The dominance of Fabaceae in the study area can be attributed to the volcanic substrate, which favours the establishment of taxa belonging to this family as it is nitrogen deficient. Lamiaceae (28 taxa), Brassicaceae (28 taxa), Caryophyllaceae (26 taxa) and Scrophulariaceae (20 taxa) are also well represented.
In life forms (Table 2) therophytes dominate, followed by hemicryptophytes, geophytes, phanerophytes and chamaephytes.
Life forms in the flora of the Methana Peninsula
According to their general distribution, the area’s taxa can be classified into 16 main chorological groups (Table 3).
Chorological groups in the flora of the Methana Peninsula
The endemic group (Greek and Balkan endemics) represents 6.94% of the total flora with 43 taxa. Phytogeographically this is the most important group and is discussed separately. The Mediterranean chorological group predominates, highlighting the geographical position and climatic characteristics of the study area. Within this group, the Stenomediterranean and Eurymediterranean elements are dominant. The other elements are represented in lower percentages, with a relatively small contribution to the island’s flora of cosmopolitan and subcosmopolitan elements, and also of invasive elements, indicating little human pressure in the study area.
According to Tan & Iatrou (Reference Tan and Iatrou2001), the most species-rich genera in the Peloponnese are Trifolium, Silene, Allium, Ranunculus, Galium, Euphorbia and Astragalus. This pattern also seems to be true in the study area, although with some modifications (Vicia and Campanula are more abundant than Silene, while Allium representatives are fewer than those of Euphorbia, Medicago, Ranunculus, Galium and Bromus).
Endemism
According to Tan & Iatrou (Reference Tan and Iatrou2001), 2960 taxa are found in the Peloponnese phytogeographical region, 355 of which are considered endemics (12%). In the Methana Peninsula, 35 endemic taxa were found (Table 5), 5.65% of its flora. The number of endemic taxa is low compared with the total, but when one takes into consideration the small size of the study area (approximately 58 km2), its geographic position (the Methana Peninsula is not close to known areas of high endemism and is far from any high mountains) and its climate (the Methana Peninsula belongs to an arid part of Greece, stressful for all plant taxa), this amount is rather significant. Furthermore, compared with the levels of endemism in Aegina, Salamina and Poros (3.30%, 5.25% and 5.17%, respectively; Table 4), islands neighbouring Methana but which have a more humid climate and much larger size, the Methana Peninsula’s level of endemism is remarkably high and actually appears to be the highest in the Saronic Gulf.
Endemism in the phytogeographical area of Peloponnese, Salamina, Aegina, Poros and the study area
Greek endemic taxa from the Methana Peninsula and their protection and evaluation status according to European and national legislation and lists
Abbreviations:
IUCN: Red List of Threatened Plants (IUCN, 2010), with the following classification system: NT: the species population is nearly threatened.
Natura 2000 (Dafis et al., Reference Dafis, Papastergiadou, Georghiou, Babalonas, Georgiadis, Papageorgiou, Lazaridou and Tsiaoussi1996): The database created after the Directive 43/1992, where the plants are evaluated as: B: Greek endemics.
PD: Greek Presidential Decree 67/1981 (1981), on the protection of the native flora and wild fauna of Greece.
WCMC: The directive for the Threatened (Endangered, Vulnerable, Rare or Data Deficient) taxa according to the World Conservation Monitoring Centre.
Among the 35 Greek endemic taxa, Crocus sieberi subsp. atticus and Ophrys oestrifera subsp. leptomera are the most interesting members of this chorological unit as they are found for the first time, not only in the Methana Peninsula, but also in the phytogeographical area of the Peloponnese. Until recently they were thought to occur only in the phytogeographical areas of Sterea Ellas and Evvia.
It is also worth mentioning that Trigonella rechingeri was found for the first time on the Greek mainland (although the Methana Peninsula is effectively an ecological island). Previously it was only known from islands of the Aegean (Snogerup & Snogerup, Reference Snogerup and Snogerup2004).
A very interesting record is Campanula andrewsii subsp. hirsutula, a taxon thought to be endemic to the Malea Peninsula but now also found in the Methana Peninsula and, therefore, recorded for the first time in the Northeastern Peloponnese.
Colchicum psaridis is recorded for the first time in the Northern Peloponnese. It was previously thought to be a steno-endemic taxon of the Southern Peloponnese.
Astragalus maniaticus, which seems to be closely related to Astragalus tuberosus subsp. haarbachii, was previously only known from the Southeastern Peloponnese (Tan & Iatrou, Reference Tan and Iatrou2001; Kalpoutzakis & Konstantinidis, Reference Kalpoutzakis, Konstantinidis, Phitos, Konstantinidis and Kamari2009) and is reported here from the Methana Peninsula, near Kameni Chora. This is included in the new records since no exact locality has previously been given.
The protection status of the Greek endemic taxa of the Methana Peninsula, as well as their evaluation status in the Natura 2000 Network, is shown in Table 5. Twenty-nine out of 35 endemic taxa are under some protection status.
Phytogeographical relationships within the Saronic Gulf
Several islets and islands lie in the Saronic Gulf, the largest of them being Aegina, Poros and Salamina. We focused on these three large islands in order to examine phytogeographical affinities of the Methana Peninsula within the Saronic Gulf. Aegina and Poros are in the same bioclimatic zone and phytogeographical region as the study area but Salamina is not.
In Table 6 Sørensen’s index values for each island pair show that Aegina has the strongest phytogeographical affinity with the study area.
Sørensen’s index values for each island compared with the Methana Peninsula
Discussion
The marked differences in the genera that dominate the study area are due to the geology of the Methana Peninsula. The volcanic substrate favours not only the establishment of taxa belonging to the Fabaceae but also the creation of several ecological niches due to different substrate types (several categories of volcanic substrates along with the existence of limestone and ultramafic rocks) and variations in substrate morphology (large rocks, steep slopes).
As Strid (Reference Strid and Tan1989) states, the importance of the Balkan endemic chorological group gradually decreases in Sterea Ellas and the Peloponnese, whilst in Crete it is represented at a minimal scale. Therefore, it is unsurprising that we find only a few Balkan endemics in the Methana Peninsula. Moreover, as Balkan endemics decrease in number from north to south, a reverse trend is observed for Greek endemics (Strid, Reference Strid and Tan1989). Thus, the proportion of Balkan endemics to Greek endemics found in the Methana Peninsula is expected to be low (1:4.38).
Finally, the flora of the Methana Peninsula is more similar to that of Aegina than to Poros and Salamina. As was to be expected, the study area has higher floristic affinities with islands belonging to the phytogeographical region of the Peloponnese (Aegina and Poros) than with islands belonging to the phytogeographical region of Sterea Ellas (Salamina).
Acknowledgements
The authors are much indebted to Dr Rena Papapanagou and Mr Themis Alexiou for their invaluable assistance in the field and their warm hospitality. We also wish to thank Mr Tobias Schör for providing a detailed geological map of the Methana Peninsula and information for some taxa growing in the study area. Cordial thanks are also due to Dr Sofia Spanou for her critical editing of the manuscript and to Dr Leonardos Tiniakos for his help and comments regarding the geology of the Methana Peninsula. The authors would like to thank Professor Emeritus Werner Greuter and one anonymous referee for providing valuable comments and suggestions on the manuscript.
Appendix
Abbreviations and symbols used:
*: New records.
?: Literature records that have not been found by the authors.
KK: K. Kougioumoutzis observations and/or vouchers.
FA: Flora Aegaea (Rechinger, 1943).
EPGP: Endemic Plants of Greece. The Peloponnese (Tan & Iatrou, Reference Tan and Iatrou2001).
FH 1: Flora Hellenica, vol. 1 (Strid & Tan, Reference Strid and Tan1997).
FH 2: Flora Hellenica, vol. 1 (Strid & Tan, Reference Strid and Tan2002).
FERNS AND FERN ALLIES
Aspleniaceae
Asplenium ceterach L.: Hros, Paleotemp.; FA, KK 1229.
*Asplenium obovatum Viv.: Hros, Stenomed.; KK 1177.
Polypodiaceae
*Polypodium vulgare L.: Hros, Circumbor.; KK 1231.
Pteridaceae
*Adiantum capillus-veneris L.: Grhiz, Pantrop.; KK 1232.
Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link: Tcaesp, Cosmop.; FA, KK 1228.
Cheilanthes acrostica Tod.: Hros, Stenomed.-Turan.; FA, KK 1230.
Cosentinia vellea (Aiton) Tod.: Hros/caesp, Med.-Kont.; FA, KK 1233.
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella denticulata (L.) Spring: Chrept, Stenomed.; FA, KK 566.
GYMNOSPERMAE
Cupressaceae
*Cupressus sempervirens L.: MPscap, E-Med. (Euri-); KK obs.
*Juniperus phoenicea L.: N/MPcaesp/scap, Eurymed.; KK 306, 672, 73, 998, 307, 1060.
Ephedraceae
*Ephedra foeminea Forssk.: NPcaesp, E-Med.; KK 1064.
Pinaceae
*Pinus halepensis Mill. subsp. halepensis: MPscap, Stenomed.; KK obs.
ANGIOSPERMAE
Acanthaceae
*Acanthus spinosus L.: Hscap, E-Med.; KK 858.
Aceraceae
*Acer sempervirens L.: Pcaesp, E-Med.; KK 787, 1225, 1146.
Aizoaceae
*Carpobrotus edulis (L.) N.E.Br.: Chsuffr, Sudafr.; KK obs.
Amaranthaceae
Amaranthus retroflexus L.: Tscap, Northamer.; FA, KK 564.
?Amaranthus silvestris Vill.: Tscap, Palaeosubtrop.; FA.
Amaryllidaceae
*Allium ampeloprasum L.: Gbulb, Eurymed.; KK 732, 989, 1095.
*Allium chamaespathum Boiss.: Gbulb, Balkan; KK 1048.
*Allium guttatum Stev.: Gbulb, E-Med.; KK 102.
*Allium roseum L.: Gbulb, Med.; KK 586.
?Allium sphaerocephalon L.: Gbulb, Euras.; FA.
*Allium subhirsutum L.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 374, 853, 746, 599, 854.
*Allium trifoliatum Cirillo: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 731.
*Sternbergia sicula Tin. ex Guss.: Gbulb, Omed.; KK 1055.
Anacardiaceae
Pistacia atlantica Desf.: Pcaesp, Med.-Atl.-Turan.; FA, KK 1072.
*Pistacia lentiscus L.: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 862, 151.
*Pistacia terebinthus L.: NP, Eurymed.; KK 202, 877.
*Rhus coriaria L.: NP, Med.-Submed.; KK obs.
Apiaceae
*Bupleurum fruticosum Boiss. & Spruner: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 196, 1139.
Bupleurum trichopodum Boiss. & Spruner: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 560, 543, 539, 302.
*Crithmum maritimum L.: Chsuffr, Med.-Atl.; KK 244, 1035, 1034.
*Daucus carota L.: Hscap, Subcosmop.; KK 1101.
Daucus guttatus Sm.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 296.
?Daucus involucratus Sm.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA.
Elaeoselinum asclepium L.: Hscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 199.
*Foeniculum vulgare Mill.: Hscap, S-Med.; KK 1148.
*Lagoecia cuminoides L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 1085, 1165.
*Orlaya daucoides (L.) Greuter: Tscap, Med.; KK 389, 355, 573, 431.
*Pimpinella saxifraga L.: Hscap, Europ.-Caucas.; KK 1036.
Scaligeria napiformis (Sprengel) Grande: Hbienn, E-Med.; FA, KK 31, 30, 604, 680, 813, 602, 574.
*Scandix australis L. (s.l.): Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 484, 893.
*Smyrnium olusatrum L.: Hbienn, Med.-Atl.; KK 710.
*Smyrnium rotundifolium Mill.: Hscap, Med.; KK 282.
*Tordylium apulum L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 494.
Torilis arvensis subsp. heterophylla (Guss.) Thell.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 495.
Torilis leptophylla (L.) Rchb.f.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; FA, KK 416, 487, 264, 783, 663, 679.
?Torilis nodosa (L.) Gaertn.: Tscap, Eurymed.-Turan.; FA.
Apocynaceae
*Nerium oleander L.: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; KK obs.
*Vinca major L.: Chrept, Eurymed.; KK 833.
Araceae
*Arisarum vulgare Targ.-Tozz.: Grhiz, Stenomed.; KK 883, 1075.
Aristolochiaceae
?Aristolochia microstoma Boiss. & Spruner: Gbulb, Endemic; FH 1.
Asclepiadaceae
?Periploca graeca L.: Plian, NE-Med. (Steno-); FA.
Asparagaceae
*Agave americana L.: MPsucc, Adv.; KK obs.
*Asparagus acutifolius L.: Grhiz/NP, Stenomed.; KK 1053, 1052.
*Drimia maritima (L.) Baker: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK obs.
*Muscari comosum (L.) Mill.: Gbulb, Eurymed.; KK 322, 346, 344, 631.
*Muscari neglectum Guss. in Tenore: Gbulb, Eurymed.; KK 377, 932.
*Ornithogalum prasinantherum Zahar.: Gbulb, Endemic; KK 339.
*Ornithogalum umbellatum L.: Gbulb, E-Med.; KK 362, 701, 799.
*Scilla autumnalis L.: Gbulb, Eurymed.; KK 986, 1049, 1054.
Asteraceae
?Achillea maritima (L.) Ehrend. & Y.P.Guo: Chsuffr, Med.-Atl.; FA.
Andryala integrifolia L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 109, 110.
*Anthemis arvensis L.: Tscap(-Hscap), Stenomed.; KK 649.
Anthemis auriculata Boiss.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 212, 1201, 1200, 1116.
*Anthemis chia L.: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 876, 1234.
?Anthemis ruthenica M.Bieb.: Tscap, Centroeurop.-Pont. (Steppica); FA.
?Anthemis tomentosa L.: Tscap, NE-Med.; FA.
*Calendula arvensis L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 936, 960, 499, 422, 441.
*Calendula officinalis L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 900, 1226.
*Carduus pycnocephalus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 345, 724.
*Carthamus lanatus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 1141.
*Centaurea benedicta (L.) L.: Tros, Med.; KK 1027, 1140.
*Centaurea raphanina subsp. mixta (DC.) Runemark: Hros, Endemic; KK 675.
*Cichorium intybus L.: Hscap, Cosmop.; KK 1023, 54.
*Cichorium spinosum L.: Chsuffr, Stenomed.; KK 329.
*Cladanthus mixtus (L.) Chevall.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 740a.
?Crepis commutata (Spreng.) Greuter: Tscap(-Hbienn), E-Med.; FA.
?Crepis dioscoridis L.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA.
Crepis foetida L.: Tscap(-Hbienn), Eurymed.; FA, KK 74.
*Crepis hellenica Kamari subsp. hellenica: Tscap, Endemic; KK 360.
*Crepis multiflora Sm.: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 61.
*Crepis neglecta L. subsp. neglecta: Tscap, Balkan; KK 383.
*Crepis rubra L.: Tscap, NE-Stenomed.; KK 1236.
*Crupina crupinastrum (Moris) Vis.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 806, 808, 1097.
*Dittrichia graveolens (L.) Greuter: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 1008, 1006, 1028.
*Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter: Hscap, Eurymed.; KK 707, 997.
*Doronicum orientale Hoffm.: Grhiz, Orof.-SE-Europ.-Caucas.; KK 688.
Erigeron bonariensis L.: Tscap, America-tropic.; FA, KK 497.
*Evax pygmaea (L.) Brot.: Trept, Stenomed.; KK 1237.
*Filago eriocephala Guss.: Tscap, E-Stenomed.; KK obs.
Filago gallica L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 131A, 79.
Filago germanica (L.) Huds.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FA, KK 180, 131b.
Filago pyramidata L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 270.
*Geropogon hybridus (L.) Sch.Bip.: Tscap, Med.; KK 492, 507.
*Glebionis coronaria (L.) Spach: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 44, 408.
*Glebionis segetum (L.) Fourr.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 157, 330.
*Hedypnois rhagadioloides (L.) F.W.Schmidt: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK obs.
*Helichrysum stoechas subsp. barrelieri (Ten.) Nyman: Chsuffr, E-Med.; KK 41.
*Hypochaeris achyrophorus L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 273, 646, 429, 402, 423, 1015.
*Hypochaeris cretensis (L.) Bory & Chaub.: Hscap, NE-Med.; KK 424, 172.
*Hypochaeris radicata L.: Hros, Europ.-Caucas.; KK 467, 354.
Inula methanea Hausskn.: Chsuffr, Endemic; FA, KK 195, 550.
Lactuca tuberosa Jacq.: Hscap, E-Med.-Turan.; FA, KK 1115, 1210.
*Lamyropsis cynaroides (Lam.) Dittrich: Tros, E-Med.; KK 65, 1156.
*Leontodon biscutellifolius DC.: Hros, Europ.-Caucas.; KK 686, 687.
Leontodon graecus Boiss. & Heldr.: Hros, Endemic; FA, KK 263.
*Leontodon hispidus L.: Hros, Europ.-Caucas.; KK 407.
*Leontodon saxatilis Lam.: Tscap/Hscap, Med.-Mont.; KK 784.
Leontodon tuberosus L.: Hros, Stenomed.; FA, KK 945, 498, 444, 640, 641.
*Limbarda crithmoides (L.) Dumort.: Chsuffr, Med.-Atl.; KK 1021.
Matricaria chamomilla L.: Tscap, SE-Asiat.; FA, KK 1127.
*Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 1151.
Onopordum tauricum Willd.: Hbienn, SE-Europ.; FA, KK 154.
*Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 677, 825, 1110.
Phagnalon rupestre subsp. graecum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Batt.: Chsuffr, E-Med.; FA, KK 924, 816, 673, 493, 375, 879.
?Phagnalon saxatile (L.) Cass.: Chsuffr, W-Med.; FA.
?Picris pauciflora Willd.: Tscap, N-Med.; FA.
*Picris rhagadioloides (L.) Desf. in Lam.: Tscap, Med.; KK 57, 238.
*Pilosella piloselloides subsp. bauhinii (Schult.) S.Bräut. & Greuter: Hscap, SE-Europ./S-Sib.; KK 223, 224, 221.
*Pilosella piloselloides subsp. praealta (Gochnat) S.Bräut. & Greuter: Hscap, Europ.-Caucas.; KK 222.
*Ptilostemon chamaepeuce (L.) Less.: Chfrut, E-Med.; KK 903, 179, 995, 58.
*Ptilostemon gnaphaloides (Cirillo) Soják: Chfrut, Med.; KK 1176, 1175.
*Pulicaria dysenterica (L.) Bernh.: Hscap, Eurymed.; KK 911.
*Reichardia picroides (L.) Roth: Hscap, Stenomed.; KK 644, 59, 158, 239, 910, 925, 639, 1026, 1022, 1025.
*Rhagadiolus stellatus (L.) Gaertn.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 500.
*Scolymus hispanicus L.: Hbienn, Eurymed.; KK 823.
*Scorzonera crocifolia Sm.: Hscap, Endemic; KK 568, 569, 817, 1107, 1106.
*Senecio leucanthemifolius subsp. vernalis (Waldst. & Kit.) Greuter: Tscap, Ost. Submed.(-Kont.); KK 927, 536, 935, 896, 561, 613, 697, 1217.
*Senecio squalidus L.: Hbienn/Hscap, Orof.-SE-Europ.; KK 884.
*Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.: Hbienn, Med.-Turan.; KK 352.
*Sonchus asper (L.) Hill: Tscap, Euras.; KK 173, 401, 403.
Sonchus oleraceus L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; FA, KK 361, 630, 371.
*Sonchus tenerrimus L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 1111.
*Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund: Hros, Circumbor.; KK 445, 944, 460, 404, 406, 1024, 1020.
*Taraxacum minimum (Guss.) N.Terrac.: Hros, Med.-Mont.; KK 1238.
Tolpis barbata (L.) Gaertn.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 256, 111, 112, 1100.
*Tragopogon porrifolius L.: Hbienn (Tscap), Eurymed.; KK 268, 357.
Urospermum picroides (L.) Scop.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 261, 62.
*Xanthium strumarium L.: Tscap, Northamer.; KK 531.
Boraginaceae
Alkanna methanaea Hausskn.: Hscap, Endemic; FA, KK 764, 713, 216, 215, 214, 227, 779, 786, 278, 486, 763.
*Alkanna orientalis (L.) Boiss.: Hscap, E-Med./Turan.; KK obs. UPA!
*Alkanna tinctoria Tausch: Hscap, Stenomed.; KK 177, 287.
*Anchusa hybrida Ten.: Hscap, Stenomed.; KK 1237.
*Anchusa italica Retz.: Hscap, Eurymed.; KK 721.
*Anchusa officinalis L.: Hscap/Hbienn, Med.-Pont.; KK 289.
*Anchusa undulata L.: Hbienn, Stenomed.-Occid.; KK 98.
*Anchusella variegata (L.) Bigazzi, Nardi & Selvi: Tscap, Endemic; KK 1239.
*Cynoglossum columnae Ten.: T/H-scap, Omed.; KK 742.
*Cynoglossum creticum Mill.: Hbienn, Eurymed.; KK 810, 372.
*Echium italicum L.: Hbienn, Eurymed.; KK 835.
*Echium plantagineum L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 324, 842, 843.
*Heliotropium dolosum De Not.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 1077.
*Heliotropium europaeum L.: Tscap, Eurymed.-Turan.; KK 549.
Heliotropium hirsutissimum Grauer: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 326.
*Lithospermum arvense L.: Tscap, Euras.-submed.-med.; KK 897.
*Myosotis arvensis Hill: T/Hscap, N.-Euras.; KK 470, 627, 708.
*Myosotis incrassata Guss.: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 948.
Onosma frutescens Lam.: Chsuffr, Stenomed.; FA, KK 807, 325, 756, 757.
*Symphytum bulbosum C.Schimper: Grhiz, SE-Europ.; KK 219.
Brassicaceae
*Alyssum strigosum Banks & Sol.: Tscap, E-Med.-Mont.; KK 1240.
*Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.: T/H-scap, Euras.; KK 477.
*Arabis verna (L.) R.Br.: Tscap, Med.; KK 440, 447.
Biscutella didyma L.: Tscap, Stenomed.-Turan.; KK 242.
*Brassica cretica subsp. aegaea (Heldr. & Halácsy) Snogerup et al.: Chsuffr, E-Med.; KK 891.
Brassica geniculata (Desf.) Snogerup & B.Snogerup: Chsuffr, Euras.; KK 759.
Bunias erucago L.: Tscap, N-Med.; KK 148.
*Cakile maritima Scop. subsp. maritima: Tscap, Med.-Atl.; KK 908, 1032, 1033.
*Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.: Tscap, Cosmop.; KK 705, 952, 955.
*Erysimum cheiri (L.) Crantz: Chsuffr, Submed.-med.; KK 476.
*Clypeola jonthlaspi subsp. microcarpa: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 114, 439, 448.
*Erophila verna (L.) Chevall.: Tscap, Circumbor.; KK 956.
*Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 437.
Erysimum corinthium (Boiss.) Wettst.: Hscap, Endemic; KK 528, 1009.
*Erysimum graecum Boiss. & Heldr.: Hscap, Endemic; KK 133, 928.
Malcolmia flexuosa (Sm.) Sm. subsp. naxensis (Rech.f.) Stork: Tscap, SE-Europ.; KK 1009, 1125.
Malcolmia graeca Boiss. & Spruner subsp. graeca: Tscap, Endemic; KK 1178, 1179, 1181.
*Matthiola incana (L.) R.Br. in Aiton: Chfrut/NP, Stenomed.; KK 832.
*Matthiola sinuata (L.) R.Br. in Aiton: Hscap, Med.-Atl.; KK 380.
*Matthiola tricuspidata R.Br.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 516.
?Neslia apiculata Fisch. et al.: Tscap, Euras.; KK.
*Raphanus raphanistrum L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 901.
Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All. s.l.: Tscap/caesp, Med.(subatl.); KK 323, 1126.
Sinapis alba L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 398, 841, 898.
*Sinapis arvensis L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 1180.
Sisymbrium orientale L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 605.
*Teesdalia coronopifolia (J.P.Bergeret) Thell.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 969.
*Turritis glabra L.: Hscap, Med.-Mont.; KK 532, 1130.
Cactaceae
*Opuntia ficus-indica Mill.: Psucc, Neotropic.; KK obs.
Campanulaceae
*Campanula andrewsii A.DC. subsp. andrewsii: Hscap, Endemic; KK 187.
*Campanula andrewsii subsp. hirsutula Phitos: Hscap, Endemic; KK 525, 610, 526.
*Campanula celsii A.DC. subsp. celsii: Hscap, Endemic; KK 565.
Campanula drabifolia Sm.: Tscap, Endemic; FA, KK 839, 105, 130, 240.
Campanula ramosissima Sm.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 253.
*Campanula spatulata Sm. (s.l.): Hscap, Balkan; KK 289.
*Campanula spatulata subsp. spruneriana (Hampe) Hayek: Grhiz, Balkan; KK 376.
*Campanula topaliana Beauverd subsp. topaliana: Hscap, Endemic; KK 99, 275, 933.
Capparaceae
*Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris (Sm.) Nyman: NPcaesp, Med.; KK 146, 183, 872.
Caprifoliaceae
*Lonicera etrusca G.Santi: Plian, Eurymed.; KK 70.
Lonicera implexa Aiton: Plian (Pcaesp), Stenomed.; FA, KK 7, 1059.
Caryophyllaceae
Cerastium comatum Desv.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FH 1, KK 552.
*Cerastium glomeratum Thuill: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 481, 950, 475, 717, 1017.
Herniaria hirsuta L.: Tscap/Hcaesp, Eurymed.; FH 1, KK 80.
?Minuartia globulosa (Labill.) Schinz & Thell.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA.
Minuartia hybrida (Vill.) Schischk.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FH 1, KK 653, 657.
?Paronychia capitata (L.) Lam.: Hcaesp, W-Med.; FH 1.
Petrorhagia dubia (Raf.) G.López & Romo: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 90, 280, 643, 363, 593.
Polycarpon tetraphyllum L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FH 1, KK 81, 82, 129.
Sagina apetala Ard.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FH 1, KK 118.
?Scleranthus annuus subsp. polycarpos (L.) Thell.: Tscap/Hbienn, Med.-Atl.; FA.
Silene behen L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FH 1, KK 409, 410, 798.
*Silene colorata Poir.: Tscap, Eurymed.-Atl.; KK 522, 880.
?Silene conica L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FA.
Silene corinthiaca Boiss. & Heldr.: Tscap, Endemic; FH 1, KK 85, 86, 87, 189, 228, 234.
Silene cretica L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FH 1, KK 279, 479, 758.
Silene gallica L.: Tscap, Med. (Eu.)-Atl.; FH 1, KK 254, 387, 597, 598, 629, 720, 1099.
Silene italica (L.) Pers. (s.l.): Hros, Eurymed.; FH 1, KK 681, 682, 684.
*Silene italica subsp. peloponnesiaca Greuter: Hros, Endemic; KK 1241.
?Silene nocturna L.: Tscap, S-Med.-Macarones.; FH 1.
Silene sedoides Poiret subsp. sedoides: Tscap, Stenomed.; FH 1, KK 38, 39.
Silene vulgaris subsp. megalosperma (Sart. ex Heldr.) Hayek: Hscap, Endemic; EPGP, KK 204, 490, 930.
*Spergula pentandra L.: Tscap, Med.-Atl.; KK 970.
Spergularia bocconei (Scheele) Asch. & Graebn.: Tscap(-Hbienn), Subcosmop.; FA, KK 517.
Spergularia salina J.Presl & C.Presl: Tscap, Subcosmop.; FH 1, KK 540.
*Stellaria media (L.) Vill.: Trept/Hbienn, Cosmop.; KK 369, 472, 548, 553, 582, 957, 795, 1240.
*Stellaria pallida (Dumort.) Piré: Trept, Europ.; KK 967.
Chenopodiaceae
*Atriplex prostrata Boucher ex DC.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 150, 976, 982, 1069, 1070.
*Atriplex tatarica L.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 520.
?Chenopodium vulvaria L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA.
*Salsola kali L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 1066.
Salsola soda L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 1065, 1068.
*Sarcocornia fruticosa (L.) A.J.Scott: Chsuffr/succ, Med.; KK 518.
Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort.: Tscap, Cosmop.; FA, KK 147.
Cistaceae
*Cistus creticus L.: NP, Stenomed.; KK 45.
*Cistus salviifolius L.: NP, Stenomed.; KK 366, 671, 887.
Fumana arabica (L.) Spach: Chsuffr, Med.-Turan.; FA, KK 51, 814.
Fumana thymifolia (L.) Webb: Chsuffr, Stenomed.; FA, KK 567, 575, 894, 1019.
*Tuberaria guttata (L.) Fourr.: Tscap, Eurymed. (Subatl.); KK 611.
Colchicaceae
*Colchicum bivonae Guss.: Gbulb, Omed.; KK 1050, 1051.
*Colchicum cupanii Guss.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1003.
*Colchicum psaridis Heldr.: Gbulb, Endemic; KK 656.
?Colchicum variegatum L.: Gbulb, E-Med.; FA.
Convolvulaceae
*Calystegia sepium (L.) R.Br.: Hscand, Paleotemp.; KK 4.
*Calystegia sylvatica (Kit.) Griseb.: Hscap, Med.-Submed.; KK 749.
*Convolvulus althaeoides L.: Hscand, Stenomed.; KK 430.
Convolvulus elegantissimus Mill.: Hscand, Med.; FA, KK 255, 850.
*Convolvulus siculus L. subsp. siculus: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 251.
Cuscuta epithymum (L.) L.: Tpar, Euras.; FA, KK 414.
?Cuscuta planiflora Ten.: Tpar, Eurymed.; FA.
Crassulaceae
*Sedum amplexicaule subsp. tenuifolium (Sm.) Greuter: Chsucc, Med.; KK 347.
Sedum caespitosum (Cav.) DC.: Tsucc, Med.; FH 1, KK 538, 801.
?Sedum littoreum Guss.: Tscap, (Steno)Med.-Centro-Orient.; FH 1.
Sedum rubens L.: Tscap, Eurymed.-Subatl.; FH 1, KK 1089.
*Sedum sediforme (Jacq.) Pau: Chsucc, Stenomed.; KK 76, 89, 991.
Umbilicus horizontalis (Guss.) DC.: Gbulb, C-Med.; FH 1, KK 235.
Umbilicus rupestris (Salisb.) Dandy: Gbulb, Med.-Atl.; FH 1, KK 303, 489, 754, 882.
Cucurbitaceae
*Bryonia cretica L.: Grhiz, Eurymed.; KK 1104.
Cyperaceae
Carex distachya Desf.: Hcaesp, Stenomed.; FA, KK 751, 752.
?Carex distans L.: Hcaesp, Eurymed.; FA.
?Carex extensa Good.: Hcaesp, Med.-Atl.; FA.
*Carex illegitima Ces.: Hcaesp, E-Med.; KK 194, 669, 670, 1002, 1011.
Dioscoreaceae
*Dioscorea communis (L.) Caddick & Wilkin: Grad, Eurymed.; KK 1128.
Dipsacaceae
*Knautia integrifolia (L.) Bertol.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 63, 370.
Ericaceae
*Arbutus andrachne L.: NP, Med.; KK 865, 874.
Arbutus unedo L.: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; FA, KK obs.
Erica arborea L.: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 961.
*Erica manipuliflora Salisb.: Chsuffr/NP, E-Med. (Steno-); KK 870, 996, 1000, 1010, 1012, 1074.
Euphorbiaceae
?Chrozophora tinctoria L.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; FA.
*Euphorbia acanthothamnos Boiss.: Chfrut, Omed.; KK 1122.
?Euphorbia aleppica L.: Tscap, Centromed.-Turan.; FA.
*Euphorbia characias L.: NP, Stenomed.; KK 857.
*Euphorbia dendroides L.: NPcaesp, Med.; KK 840.
Euphorbia exigua L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 412.
?Euphorbia falcata L.: Tscap, Eurymed.-Turan.; FA.
?Euphorbia myrsinites L.: Chrept, S-Europ.-Pont.; FA.
?Euphorbia paralias L.: Chfrut, Eurymed.-Atl.; FA.
Euphorbia peplus L.: Tscap, Cosmop.; FA, KK 91, 125, 846, 1237.
*Euphorbia taurinensis All.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 551.
*Mercurialis annua L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 615, 915, 922.
*Ricinus communis L.: Tscap, Cult.; KK obs.
Fabaceae
Anagyris foetida L.: Pcaesp, S-Med.; FA, KK obs.
*Anthyllis hermanniae L.: Chfrut, Stenomed.; KK 171, 1007.
*Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. rubriflora (DC.) Arcang.: T/Hrept/scap, Med.; KK 276, 790, 578.
*Astragalus hamosus L.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 1242.
*Astragalus maniaticus Strid & Kit Tan: Hros, Endemic; KK 744, 745.
Astragalus pelecinus (L.) Barneby: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 836, 837.
*Bituminaria bituminosa (L.) Stirton: Hscap, Eurymed.; KK 55, 320, 321, 635, 788.
*Calicotome villosa (Poir.) Link: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; KK obs.
*Ceratonia siliqua L.: MP, Med.; KK 523.
Cercis siliquastrum L.: Pscap, S-Europ.-W-Asiat.; FA, KK 220.
*Colutea arborescens L.: Pcaesp, E-Europ.-Pont.; KK 1209.
*Dorycnium hirsutum (L.) Ser.: Chsuffr, Eurymed.; KK 29, 309, 314, 454, 587, 588, 728, 755, 830.
*Genista acanthoclada DC.: NP, E-Med.; KK 193, 1105, 1222.
*Hippocrepis emerus subsp. emeroides (Boiss. & Spruner) Lassen: Pcaesp, E-Med.-Pont.; KK 393, 942.
*Hippocrepis unisiliquosa L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 262.
*Hymenocarpos circinnata (L.) Savi: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 335, 379, 413, 494, 794, 1136.
*Lathyrus annuus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 29, 309, 314, 454, 587, 588, 728, 755, 830.
*Lathyrus aphaca L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 388, 579, 580, 581.
*Lathyrus cicera L.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 777, 1218, 1219.
*Lathyrus clymenum L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 456, 457, 458, 829, 907, 909.
Lathyrus sphaericus Retz.: Tscap, Med.-Submed.; FA, KK 711.
?Lens ervoides (Brign.) Grande: Tscap, Stenomed.-Pont.; FA.
Lotus angustissimus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 8, 9.
Lotus conimbricensis Brot.: Tcaesp, Med.; FA, KK 760a.
*Lotus corniculatus L.: Hscap, Paleotemp.; KK 450, 844, 905.
*Lotus cytisoides L.: Chsuffr, Stenomed.; KK 1239.
*Lotus edulis L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 333, 313, 328.
*Lotus ornithopodioides L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 52, 243, 318, 327, 382, 396, 418, 455, 760b, 761.
Lupinus albus subsp. graecus (Boiss. & Spruner) Franco & Pinto da Silva: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 1220.
Lupinus angustifolius L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 435, 962, 1215.
*Lupinus micranthus Guss.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 434.
*Medicago arabica (L.) Huds.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 1147.
Medicago coronata (L.) Bartal.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 312.
*Medicago lupulina L.: Tscap(-Hscap), Paleotemp.; KK 959.
*Medicago minima (L.) Bartal.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 1091, 1118.
?Medicago monspeliaca (L.) Trautv.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA.
*Medicago orbicularis (L.) Bartal.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 206, 334, 729.
Medicago polymorpha L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; FA, KK 5, 28, 205, 513, 634, 725.
*Medicago scutellata (L.) Mill.: Tscap, Med.; KK 336, 337, 338, 515, 722.
Medicago tuberculata Willd.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 666B.
Melilotus graecus (Boiss. & Spruner) Lassen: Tscap, Endemic; FA, KK 237, 730.
*Melilotus indicus (L.) All.: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 519.
*Melilotus messanensis (L.) All.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 1121.
Onobrychis caput-galli (L.) Lam.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 419, 638.
*Ononis ornithopodioides L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 637.
*Ononis pubescens (DC.) Link: Tscap, Med.; KK 141.
Ornithopus compressus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 294, 744, 793.
?Ornithopus pinnatus (Mill.) Druce: Tscap, Med.-Atl.; FA.
*Pisum sativum L. (s.l.): T/H-scap, Cult.; KK 191, 200, 692.
*Pisum sativum subsp. elatius (M.Bieb.) Asch. & Graebn.: Tscap, Stenomed.-Turan.; KK 690.
*Scorpiurus muricatus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 249, 459, 811.
*Spartium junceum L.: Pcaesp, Eurymed.; KK 71.
*Trifolium angustifolium L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 395.
Trifolium arvense L.: Tscap, (W)-Paleotemp.; FA, KK 186.
?Trifolium boissieri Guss.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA.
Trifolium campestre Schreber: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FA, KK 365, 449, 502, 537, 555, 655, 723, 818, 1238.
Trifolium cherleri L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 181.
Trifolium dasyurum C.Presl: Tscap, Omed.; FA, KK 119, 592, 736.
?Trifolium glomeratum L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA.
*Trifolium grandiflorum Schreber: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 397.
Trifolium hirtum All.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 63.
*Trifolium hybridum L.: Hcaesp, Med.-Atl.; KK 27.
*Trifolium infamia-ponertii Greuter: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 213, 292.
?Trifolium lappaceum L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA.
*Trifolium nigrescens Viv.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 772.
*Trifolium pignantii Fauché & Chaub.: Tscap, Balkan; KK 421, 660.
Trifolium scabrum L.: Trept/Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 503.
*Trifolium spumosum L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 311, 845.
*Trifolium stellatum L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 316, 417, 654.
?Trifolium tenuifolium Ten.: Tscap, NE-Med.; FA.
*Trifolium tomentosum L.: Trept, Paleotemp.; KK 727, 973.
*Trifolium uniflorum L.: Hcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 947.
Trigonella balansae Boiss. & Reut.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 650.
*Trigonella rechingeri Širj.: Tscap, Endemic; KK 737.
*Tripodion tetraphyllum (L.) Fourr.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 802, 1124, 1157.
*Vicia benghalensis L.: Tscap/Hscap, Stenomed.; KK 265, 700.
*Vicia hybrida L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 310, 317, 319.
*Vicia lathyroides L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 471, 648, 769, 971.
*Vicia lutea L. (s.l.): Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 712.
*Vicia lutea L. subsp. lutea: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 511, 512, 726.
*Vicia monantha Retz.: Tscap, Med.; KK 315, 411, 940.
Vicia sativa subsp. cordata (Hoppe) Asch. & Graebn.: Tcaesp, Med.; FA, KK 706, 738.
*Vicia sativa L. subsp. sativa: Tscap, Cosmop.; KK 331, 436, 780.
?Vicia tenuifolia subsp. elegans (Guss.) Nyman: Tscap, Europ.-Caucas.; FA.
Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schreb.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FA, KK 32, 207.
Vicia villosa Roth (s.l.): Tscap (Hbienn), Eurymed.; KK 293, 789.
*Vicia villosa subsp. eriocarpa (Hausskn.) P.W.Ball: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 298.
Vicia villosa subsp. microphylla (D’Urv.) P.W.Ball: Tscap, Endemic; FA, KK 124, 804.
Fagaceae
*Quercus coccifera L.: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 859, 1073.
Quercus ilex L.: MPscap, Med.; FH 1, KK 176, 203, 563, 618, 696, 871.
*Quercus pubescens Willd.: N/MP, Submed.; KK 1137.
Gentianaceae
*Blackstonia perfoliata (L.) Huds. subsp. perfoliata: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 48.
*Centaurium erythraea Rafn: Hbienn/Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 941.
Centaurium pulchellum (Sw.) Druce: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FA, KK 269.
Centaurium tenuiflorum (Hoffmanns. & Link) Fritsch (s.l.): Tscap, Med.; FA, KK 42.
*Centaurium tenuiflorum subsp. acutiflorum: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 36.
Geraniaceae
*Erodium ciconium (L.) L’Hér.: Tscap/Hbienn, Eurymed.-Pont.; KK 426, 919, 934, 965.
*Erodium cicutarium (L.) L’Her.: Tcaesp/Hros, Subcosmop.; KK 482, 1244.
*Erodium gruinum (L.) L’Hér.: Tscap, Med. (E.)-Turan.; KK 805, 851.
*Geranium dissectum L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; KK 733.
*Geranium molle L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; KK 465, 501, 558.
*Geranium robertianum L.: T/H-scap, Euras.; KK 104, 364, 400, 463, 557, 664, 848, 849.
Geranium rotundifolium L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FA, KK 291, 300, 399, 852, 899.
Globulariaceae
*Globularia alypum L.: Chfrut/NP, Stenomed.; KK 53, 56, 574, 889, 943, 1062.
Hypericaceae
Hypericum empetrifolium Willd.: Chsuffr, E-Med.; FA, KK 106, 164, 590, 591, 614, 667, 668, 860, 981, 985, 1004.
*Hypericum perforatum L.: Hscap, Subcosmop.; KK 201.
Iridaceae
*Crocus cancellatus subsp. mazziaricus (Herb.) Mathew: Gbulb, Omed.; KK 1046, 1047, 1215.
*Crocus sieberi subsp. atticus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Mathew: Gbulb, Endemic; KK 974, 975.
*Gladiolus italicus Mill.: Gbulb, Med.; KK 340, 451.
*Gynandriris sisyrinchium (L.) Parl.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 496.
*Hermodactylus tuberosus (L.) Mill.: Grhiz, Stenomed.; KK 691, 1214.
*Iris germanica L.: Grhiz, Adv.; KK 620.
*Romulea bulbocodium (L.) Sebast. & Mauri: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1213.
*Romulea linaresii subsp. graeca Bég.: Gbulb, E-Med.; KK 949, 972.
Juncaceae
*Juncus acutus L.: Hcaesp, Subcosmop.; KK 1196.
?Juncus capitatus Weig.: Tscap, Eurymed.-Atl.; FA.
Lamiaceae
*Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth.: Gbulb, E-Med.; KK 881.
*Coridothymus capitatus (L.) Rchb.f.: Chfrut, Stenomed.-Orient.; KK 1044.
*Lamium amplexicaule L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 931, 938, 964, 968.
*Lamium moschatum Mill.: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 259, 415.
Lavandula stoechas L. (s.l.): NP, Stenomed.; FA, KK 866.
*Lavandula stoechas L. subsp. stoechas: NP, Stenomed.; KK 258, 916.
*Melissa officinalis L.: Hscap, Eurymed.; KK 1133.
?Nepeta argolica Bory & Chaub. subsp. argolica: Hscap, Endemic; FA.
Origanum onites L.: Chfrut, E-Med.; FA, KK 78, 231, 612, 286, 1005, 1042, 1098.
Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart: Chsuffr, E-Stenomed.; FA, KK 211.
Phlomis fruticosa L.: NP, Stenomed.; FA, KK 621.
Prasium majus L.: Chfrut/Chsuffr, Stenomed.; FA, KK 1043.
*Salvia fruticosa Mill.: Chfrut/NPcaesp, Omed.; KK 378.
Salvia pomifera subsp. calycina (Sm.) Hayek: Hcaesp, E-Med.; FA, KK 260, 678, 820, 855, 856, 984, 993, 1013.
*Salvia verbenaca L.: Hscap, Med.-Atl.; KK 178.
*Salvia viridis L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 427.
Satureja graeca L.: Chsuffr, Med.; FA, KK 232, 1041, 1039, 1153.
Satureja juliana L.: Chsuffr, Med.; FA, KK 103, 175, 248, 979.
?Satureja myrtifolia (Boiss. & Hohen.) Greuter & Burdet: Chsuffr, E-Med.; FA.
*Satureja nepeta (L.) Scheele: Hscap (Chsuffr), Med.-Mont.; KK 1037, 1038, 1045.
*Satureja nervosa Desf.: Chsuffr, S-Med.; KK 867.
*Satureja thymbra L.: Chfrut, Stenomed.; KK 184, 192, 284, 285.
Sideritis curvidens Stapf: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 1182.
Sideritis lanata L.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 1241.
?Stachys germanica subsp. cordigera Briq.: Hscap, Eurosib.; FA.
*Stachys swainsonii subsp. argolica Phitos & Damboldt: Tscap, Endemic; KK 225, 247, 257, 1192, 1193, 1194.
Teucrium divaricatum subsp. graecum (Čelak.) Bornm.: Chfrut, Omed.; FA, KK 230, 241, 616, 617, 1114.
Teucrium polium L.: Chsuffr, Med.; FA, KK 43.
Liliaceae
*Gagea graeca (Kunth) A.Terracc.: Gbulb, E-Med.; KK 349, 373, 559, 748.
*Gagea peduncularis (C.Presl) Pascher: Gbulb, E-Stenomed.; KK 1227.
Linaceae
*Linum bienne Mill.: Hscap, Med.-Atl.; KK 1142.
*Linum strictum L. subsp. strictum: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 64, 126, 246, 266, 359, 1108.
Linum trigynum L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 1117.
Malvaceae
*Althaea officinalis L.: Hscap, Subcosmop.; KK 122.
?Lavatera bryoniifolia Mill.: Pcaesp, E-Med.; FA.
*Lavatera cretica L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 809.
*Malva parviflora L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 6.
*Malva sylvestris L.: Hscap, Subcosmop.; KK 390, 838, 828.
Moraceae
Ficus carica L.: Pscap, Med.-Turan.; FA, KK obs.
Oleaceae
*Olea europaea L.: Pcaesp/Pscap, Stenomed.; KK 576.
Phillyrea latifolia L.: Pcaesp/Pscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK obs.
Onagraceae
*Epilobium obscurum Schreb.: Hscap, Submed.-subatl.; KK 1166, 1167.
Orchidaceae
*Anacamptis morio (L.) R.M.Bateman et al.: Gbulb, Europ.-Caucas.; KK 1244.
Anacamptis pyramidalis (L.) Rich.: Gbulb, Eurymed.; FA, KK 826, 827.
*Barlia robertiana (Loisel) Greuter: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1245.
*Dactylorhiza saccifera Soó: Gbulb, Paleotemp.; KK 1160, 1120, 1195.
*Limodorum abortivum (L.) Sw.: Grhiz, Eurymed.; KK 1207, 1208.
*Neotinea maculata (Desf.) Stearn: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1246.
*Ophrys cornuta Stev. ex M.Bieb. (s.l.): Gbulb, Med.-Submed.; KK 132.
*Ophrys ferrum-equinum Desf.: Gbulb, E-Med.; KK 1247.
*Ophrys fusca Link.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1221.
*Ophrys oestrifera subsp. leptomera (P.Delforge) Kreutz: Gbulb, Endemic; KK 906.
*Ophrys oestrifera subsp. schlechteriana (Soó) Kreutz: Gbulb, Endemic; KK 661.
*Ophrys sicula Tineo: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1248.
*Ophrys tenthredinifera Willd.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 812, 821, 822.
*Orchis anatolica Boiss.: Gbulb, E-Med.; KK 694.
*Orchis italica Poir.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1249.
*Serapias bergonii E.G.Camus: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1250.
*Serapias lingua L.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; KK 1103, 1138, 1144.
*Serapias vomeracea (Burm.f.) Briq.: Gbulb, Eurymed.; KK 600.
Orobanchaceae
*Orobanche alba Willd.: Tpar, Submed.-Euras.; KK 622.
*Orobanche crenata Forssk.: Tpar, Med. (Eu.)-Turan.; KK 342, 514, 577, 743, 878.
*Orobanche ramosa L.: Tpar, Paleotemp.; KK 332, 343, 819.
Oxalidaceae
*Oxalis pes-carpae L.: Gbulb, Cosmop.; KK 1076.
Papaveraceae
*Fumaria capreolata L.: Tscap, Eurymed.-Atl.; KK 271, 458, 652, 925.
?Fumaria gaillardotii Boiss.: Tscap, E-Med. (Steno-); FA.
Fumaria kralikii Jord.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA, KK 466.
?Fumaria macrocarpa Parl. subsp. macrocarpa: Tscap, Stenomed.-Meridionali.; FH 2.
Fumaria officinalis L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; FH 2, KK 895.
Fumaria petteri Rchb.: Tscap, E-Med.; FH 2, KK 1129, 1241.
*Glaucium flavum Crantz: Hscap, Med.-Atl.; KK 341.
?Papaver apulum Ten.: Tscap, NE-Med.; FH 2.
*Papaver argemone subsp. nigrotinctum (Fedde) Kadereit: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 391, 1014.
Papaver rhoeas L. (s.l.): Tscap, E-Med.; FH 2, KK 392, 594, 595, 596, 609.
*Papaver rhoeas subsp. strigosum (Boenn.) Soó: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 442.
Plantaginaceae
Plantago amplexicaulis Cav.: Tros, Med.; FA, KK 236, 245, 1168.
Plantago bellardii All.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 425, 741, 1119.
*Plantago coronopus L.: Tscap/Hbienn/Hros, Eurymed.; KK 1071.
*Plantago lagopus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 633.
*Plantago lanceolata L.: Hros, Cosmop.; KK 1135, 1143.
Plumbaginaceae
?Limonium sieberi (Boiss.) Kuntze: Chsuffr, E-Med.; FA.
Poaceae
?Aegilops comosa Sm.: Tscap, E-Med.; FA.
*Aegilops lorentii Hochst.: Tcaesp/scap, Med.; KK 169.
Aegilops triuncialis L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 22, 198.
*Aira elegantissima Schur: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 304, 529, 534, 659.
*Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; KK 75.
?Andropogon distachyos L.: Hcaesp, Paleotrop.; FA.
Anthoxanthum odoratum L.: Hcaesp, Euras.; FA, KK 695.
*Arundo donax L.: Grhiz, Subcosmop.; KK 145.
*Arundo plinii Turra: Grhiz, Stenomed.; KK obs.
*Avena barbata Pott: Tscap, Eurymed.-Turan.; KK 521.
Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv.: Tscap, Stenomed.-Turan.; FA, KK 510.
*Brachypodium pinnatum (L.) P.Beauv.: Hcaesp, Euras.; KK 74, 197.
*Brachypodium retusum (Pers.) P.Beauv.: Hcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 95.
*Brachypodium sylvaticum (Huds.) P.Beauv.: Hcaesp, Paleotemp.; KK 233.
Briza maxima L.: Tscap, Paleosubtrop.; FA, KK 10, 115, 651, 735.
Briza minor L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; FA, KK 356, 428, 750.
*Bromus diandrus Roth: Tcaesp, Med.; KK 20, 699.
*Bromus fasciculatus C.Presl: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 136.
Bromus intermedius Guss.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 209.
?Bromus japonicus Thunb. subsp. japonicus: Tscap, Europ.-Caucas.; FA.
*Bromus madritensis L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 100, 607.
*Bromus rigidus Roth: Tscap, Paleosubtrop.; KK 24, 645, 767.
*Bromus tectorum L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 14, 19, 168, 267.
*Cynodon dactylon L.: Grhiz, Cosmop.; KK 766, 1029.
Cynosurus echinatus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 163, 658, 683.
*Cynosurus elegans Desf.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 21.
*Dactylis glomerata L.: Hcaesp, Paleotemp.; KK 12, 277, 509, 875.
*Elymus farctus (Viv.) Runemark ex Melderis: Grhiz, Med.; KK 15, 149.
?Elytrigia scirpea (C.Presl) Holub: Hcaesp, Eurymed.; FA.
Gastridium ventricosum (Gouan) Schinz & Thell.: Tcaesp/scap, Med.; FA, KK 167, 762.
Hainardia cylindrica (Willd.) Greuter: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 160.
?Hordeum bulbosum L.: Hcaesp, Paleosubtrop.; FA.
*Hordeum marinum Hudson: Tscap, Med.-Turan.; KK 11.
?Hordeum murinum subsp. leporinum (Link) Arcang.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA.
Hyparrhenia hirta (L.) Stapf: Hcaesp, Paleotrop.; FA, KK 66, 68, 108, 134, 135, 137, 1030a.
*Lagurus ovatus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 67, 488, 506, 1087.
Lolium rigidum Gaudin: Tscap, Paleosubtrop.; FA, KK 252.
?Lolium temulentum L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; FA.
Parapholis incurva (L.) C.E.Hubb.: Tscap, Med. (St.)-Atl.; FA, KK 37.
*Phalaris aquatica L.: Hcaesp, Eurymed.; KK 1092, 1093.
*Phleum phleoides (L.) Karsten: Hcaesp, Eurosib.; KK 13.
*Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin.: Grhiz, Subcosmop.; KK obs.
*Piptatherum coerulescens (Desf.) P.Beauv.: Hcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 18, 994.
*Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Cosson: Hcaesp, Med.-Turan.; KK 156, 1030b, 1197.
?Poa pratensis L.: Hcaesp, Circumbor.; FA.
*Poa timoleontis Heldr. ex Boiss.: Hcaesp, E-Med.; KK 505, 554, 768.
?Polypogon maritimus Willd.: Tscap, Stenomed.-Macarones.; FA.
Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.: Tscap, Paleosubtrop.; FA, KK 351.
?Psilurus incurvus (Gouan) Schinz & Thell.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA.
*Sporobolus pungens (Schreb.) Kunth: Grhiz, Subtrop.; KK 1198.
?Stipa bromoides (L.) Doerfler: Hcaesp, Stenomed.; FA.
*Vulpia ciliata Danth.: Tcaesp, Eurymed.; KK 535, 556.
*Vulpia fasciculata (Forssk.) Fritsch: Tcaesp, Med.-Atl.; KK 16, 77.
Polygonaceae
?Polygonum arenarium Waldst. & Kit.: Trept, Med.; FA.
Rumex bucephalophorus L.: Tscap/caesp, Eurymed.-Atl.; FH 1, KK 117, 542, 937, 1224.
Rumex pulcher L. (s.l.): Hscap, Eurymed.; FH 1, KK 190.
Rumex pulcher L. subsp. pulcher: Hscap(-Tscap), Eurymed.; FH 1, KK 719.
?Rumex sanguineus L.: Hscap, Europ.-Caucas.; FA.
Posidoniaceae
*Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile: Irad, Stenomed.; KK obs.
Primulaceae
*Anagallis arvensis L.: Trept, Subcosmop.; KK 412.
*Asterolinon linum-stellatum (L.) Duby: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 301, 504.
Cyclamen graecum Link: Gbulb, E-Stenomed.; FA, KK 674, 778, 987, 1057, 1056, 1244a.
*Cyclamen hederifolium Aiton: Gbulb, Med.; KK 776, 1061, 1244b.
?Cyclamen peloponnesiacum (Grey-Wilson) Kit Tan subsp. peloponnesiacum: Gbulb, Endemic; EPGP.
*Samolus valerandi L.: Hscap, Subcosmop.; KK 782.
Rafflesiaceae
*C ytinus hypocistis subsp. clusii Nyman: Grad, W-Stenomed.; KK 1243.
Ranunculaceae
Anemone coronaria L.: Gbulb, Stenomed.; FH 2, KK 888.
Anemone pavonina Lam.: Gbulb, Eurymed.; FH 2, KK 715, 904.
Clematis cirrhosa L.: Plian, Stenomed.; FH 2, KK 94, 547, 182, 990.
*Clematis flammula L.: Plian, Med.-Orient.; KK 980.
?Delphinium peregrinum L.: Tscap, E-Med.; FH 2.
Nigella damascena L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FH 2, KK 72, 608.
?Ranunculus arvensis L.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; FH 2.
*Ranunculus bulbosus subsp. aleae (Willk.) Rouy & Fouc.: Hscap, E-Med.; KK 281, 1145.
*Ranunculus chius DC.: Tscap, E-Med.; KK 716.
*Ranunculus millefoliatus Vahl: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 218.
?Ranunculus muricatus L.: Tscap, Eurymed.; FH 2.
*Ranunculus paludosus Poir.: Hscap, Stenomed.; KK 791, 693, 698.
*Ranunculus psilostachys Griseb.: Hscap, Balkan; KK 775.
?Ranunculus sprunerianus Boiss.: Hscap, E-Med.; FH 2.
Resedaceae
Reseda alba L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FH 2, KK 386, 920, 1223.
*Reseda lutea L.: Hscap, Paleotemp.; KK 46.
Rosaceae
?Aphanes arvensis L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; FA.
*Crataegus monogyna Jacq.: Pcaesp, Paleotemp.; KK 353.
*Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb: Pscap, Cult.; KK 704.
*Pyrus spinosa Forssk.: Pcaesp, Stenomed.; KK 1211.
*Rosa gallica L.: NP, Centroeurop.-Pont.; KK 33.
Rubus canescens DC.: NP, N-Med.; FA, KK obs.
*Rubus sanctus Schreb.: NPfrut, Submed.-med.; KK 217, 305.
*Sanguisorba minor (L.) Scop. (s.l.): Hscap, Paleotemp.; KK 166.
*Sanguisorba minor (L.) Scop. subsp. minor: Hscand, Submed.-subatl.; KK 26, 831.
Sanguisorba verrucosa (G.Don) Ces.: Hscand, Med.; FA, KK 647.
*Sarcopoterium spinosum (L.) Spach: NP, E-Med.; KK obs.
Rubiaceae
*Crucianella graeca Boiss. & Spruner: Tscap, Balkan; KK 83, 84.
Crucianella latifolia L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 250, 1171.
*Galium aparine L.: Tscap, Euras.; KK 101, 461, 541, 606, 626, 662.
?Galium capitatum Bory & Chaub.: Tscap, Endemic; FA.
Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 792.
*Galium heldreichii Halácsy: Hscap, Med.; KK 161, 185.
Galium murale (L.) All.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 740b, 765.
*Galium peloponnesiacum Ehrend. & Krendl: Hscap, Endemic; KK 1206.
?Galium verrucosum Huds.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA.
?Galium setaceum Lam.: Tscap, Stenomed.-Orient.; FA.
*Rubia peregrina L.: Plian, Stenomed.-Macarones.; KK 49, 50.
*Rubia tinctorum L.: Hscand, Adv.; KK 210.
*Sherardia arvensis L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; KK 25, 409, 632, 714.
Valantia hispida L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA, KK 533, 1172, 1216.
Salicaceae
*Salix fragilis L.: Pscap, Paleotemp.; KK 527.
Santalaceae
?Thesium bergeri Zucc.: Hscap, E-Med.; FH 1.
Saxifragaceae
*Saxifraga tridactylites L.: Trept, Med.; KK 1214.
Scrophulariaceae
*Bellardia trixago (L.) All.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 571, 803, 1109.
Cymbalaria longipes (Boiss. & Heldr.) A.Chev.: Chrept, E-Med.; FA, KK 152.
*Cymbalaria microcalyx (Boiss.) Wettst.: Hscap, E-Med.; KK 1235.
Kickxia commutata (Bernh. ex Reichenb.) Fritsch: Hrept, Stenomed.; FA, KK 1079.
?Kickxia elatine subsp. crinita (Mabille) W.Greuter: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA.
Linaria pelisseriana (L.) Mill.: Tscap, Med.-Atl.; FA, KK 747, 781.
*Misopates orontium (L.) Raf.: Tscap, Paleotemp.; KK 113, 140, 188, 229, 297, 385, 603, 847.
*Parentucellia latifolia (L.) Caruel: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 485, 703.
*Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor (Sm.) Greuter: Hscap, Eurymed.; KK 121.
Scrophularia heterophylla Willd. var. heterophylla: Hscap, Endemic; FA, KK 272.
?Scrophularia lucida L.: Hbienn (Chsuffr), Med.-Mont.; FA.
?Scrophularia peregrina L.: Tscap, Stenomed.; FA.
*Verbascum epixanthinum Boiss. & Heldr.: Hscap, Endemic; KK 1080.
?Verbascum macrurum Ten.: Hbienn, Med.-Mont.; FA.
?Verbascum phlomoides L.: Hbienn, Eurymed.; FA.
*Verbascum sinuatum L.: Hbienn, Eurymed.; KK 40.
?Verbascum undulatum Lam.: Hscap, Balkan; FA.
*Veronica arvensis L.: Tscap, Subcosmop.; KK 918.
Veronica cymbalaria Bodard: Tscap, Eurymed.; FA, KK 464, 628, 665, 966, 926.
*Veronica triphyllos L.: Tscap, Europ.-W-Asiat.; KK 1131.
Smilacaceae
*Smilax aspera L.: NPsuffr, Paleosubtrop.; KK 295.
Solanaceae
*Datura stramonium L.: Tscap, America-tropic.; KK obs.
Solanum nigrum L. subsp. nigrum: Tscap, Cosmop.; FA, KK 1077.
Typhaceae
*Typha latifolia L.: Grhiz, Cosmop.; KK obs.
Ulmaceae
?Ulmus minor Mill. subsp. minor: Pscap, Eurymed.-Turan.; FA.
Urticaceae
Parietaria cretica L.: Trept/Hscap, Stenomed.-Orient.; FH 1, KK 128.
?Parietaria lusitanica L.: Trept, Stenomed.; FA.
Valerianaceae
*Centranthus calcitrapae (L.) Dufr.: Tscap, Stenomed.; KK 368, 530, 545, 546, 1213, 1174.
*Centranthus ruber subsp. sibthorpii Hayek: Chsuffr, Eurymed.; KK 917.
*Valerianella coronata (L.) DC.: Tscap, Eurymed.; KK 474.
Verbenaceae
*Vitex agnus-castus L.: Pcaesp, Stenomed.-Turan.; KK 1058.
Xanthorrhoeaceae
*Asphodelus aestivus Brot.: Grhiz, Stenomed.; KK 785.
Zygophyllaceae
*Tribulus terrestris L.: Trept, Cosmop.; KK 1078.
