The Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources recognizes the important role of institutional frameworks in the sustainable management of animal genetic resources and the need for action to strengthen institutions both at national level and internationally. This new publication in FAO's Animal Production and Health Guidelines series provides both an overview of the existing global network for the management of animal genetic resources and advice on how national and regional institutions can be strengthened. Detailed guidance is provided on the role of National Coordinators for the Management of Animal Genetic Resources and the development and operation of National Focal Points for the Management of Animal Genetic Resources supported by National Advisory Committees, working groups and country stakeholder networks. Progress towards the establishment of a network of Regional Focal Points for Animal Genetic Resources is reviewed and advice provided for stakeholders wishing to establish and sustain focal points in their regions. The guidelines draw on lessons learned from many years of experience in the implementation of programmes and focal points for the management of animal genetic resources in many parts of the world, and include personal contributions from individuals who have been actively involved in this work.