There are currently more than 1 million people with moderate and severe dementia in Germany and most of them are thought to have Alzheimer's disease. Internationally – particularly in the U.S.A. – there may be even more! Therefore the question whether Alzheimer's disease does exist appears of some relevance. Are these patients posing, merely mistaken, or mischievously mislabeled? Has the German eponym-mafia struck again? That is what it boils down to. Fred Peng has hit a moot point exactly 100 years after Kraepelin had suggested the eponym “Alzheimersche Erkrankung” for presenile neurodegenerative dementia with plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. But now Peng has reopened the competition and the semifinalists are Poland (Teofil Sinchowicz), Czech Republic (Oskar Fischer), Italy (Gaetano Perusini), and Liberia (Solomon Carter Fuller) – the last being my personal favorite. Important evidence has already been competently collected and concisely presented by G. E. Berrios. Dr. Peng has significantly increased the body of conflicting evidence.