Discussion

Scientific interests have varied among countries in recent decades, depending on environmental events, diseases, wars, official health policies, social needs, and development levels of the countries. Scientific databases provide the opportunity to examine these articles objectively with all their features. The year 2023 left permanent marks on everyone as a year of disasters such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, landslides, volcanic activities, and forest fires, which are effects of the climate crisis. These disasters that occurred after the 2019 COVID-19 epidemic revealed the importance of both individual ability and prescribed roles in society. However, it is necessary to be prepared for the disasters that have occurred and will occur, based on experience.

In the immediate period when the earthquake first occurred, we encountered serious hemodynamically life-threatening problems such as fractures, spinal cord injuries, soft tissue injuries, multiple organ injuries, acute compartment syndrome, amputation, and multiple body trauma. In the intermediate and long term, infection, acute renal failure, peripheral nerve damage, physical disability due to functional losses in the extremities, and psychological problems (insomnia, depression, anxiety, panic attacks) due to great psychological stress were observed in the surviving earthquake victims. Based on these problems, we can say that a transdisciplinary approach is required to ensure management in many areas after the earthquake.Reference Koca ^{5 ,} Reference Koca and Topak ⁶ In this case, it has ensured the diversity of scientific research. Since it takes at least 1 year or more for cities that experienced an earthquake to recover, articles from academics in those cities were written late. Tens of thousands of earthquake victims from the city were referred to out-of-town health centers, and many experienced physicians, nurses, and allied health personnel came to the cities voluntarily from home and abroad. The experiences of each of them will contribute to the scientific literature.

Major disasters such as earthquakes affect a large population of people and geography and cause deaths and morbidities. As can be seen, the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake has been the subject of interest in scientific studies written from many parts of the world, especially from Türkiye. Articles have been produced in the fields of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environment, Engineering, Medicine, and Material Science. Scientific writings can be affected by scientific interest, epidemic diseases, geographical locations, official government policies, the needs of society, and even traditional beliefs. Disasters that occur in that geography also affect scientific writings. Lessons can be learned from experiences and algorithms that include the necessary multidisciplinary work before the earthquake occurs. Every country should identify its shortcomings in this regard and be prepared for the next disaster.Reference Gong, Mohammed, Nicolaou, Nasrullah, Forster and Khosa ^{7 –}Reference Wang, Wu, He, Ye, Liu and Tang ⁹

Although there are official boundaries between geographical regions, earthquake disasters are interconnected. Earthquakes, especially those with a magnitude of 7 or more, cause seismic plates to break and the continents to shift geographically, albeit slowly. We must examine the disasters experienced not only in our own country but also all over the world to see the bigger picture and benefit from the experiences.

Analyzing descriptive and analytical scientific studies and reports conducted in different disciplines after the earthquake will guide future studies. In addition, there is a need to quickly establish national and international cooperation protocols and common algorithms and guidelines in this area, where the climate crisis and its effects are being experienced. Every country should work towards improving disaster risk management after such a devastating earthquake.