The race for Pennsylvania's Seventeenth Congressional District seat was among the most closely watched in the country. It was one of four races nationally in which two incumbents faced off as a result of redistricting and was one of the three most expensive House races in 2002. Most of the spending in this race came from “outside” sources as both candidates were outspent by their own parties and allied interest groups. Combined, Republican George Gekas and his allies spent nearly $6.5 million while Democrat Tim Holden's camp spent over $4.25 million.

Despite being outspent, Holden won this largely Republican district by a margin of 51 to 49%. Internal problems in the Gekas campaign explain much of the outcome, suggesting that candidates and their campaigns still matter. Though money had an effect in keeping Gekas competitive, old style, grassroots politics prevailed in Pennsylvania Seventeen.