Guadalupe and her faithful is an intricate, worthwhile account of the historical transculturation of that most famous of Catholic Mexican devotions: the (reputedly) sixteenth-century cult of the Virgin of Guadalupe. After a useful introductory essay describing the hotly contested origins of the cult in early colonial Mexico, and a fascinating narrative description of the contemporary celebrations of latino devotees, the focus of Matovina's study shifts to the evolving history of la guadalupana in the Hispanic parish church (since 1926 metropolitan cathedral) of San Fernando in the city of San Antonio. Matovina shows, for instance, how the Guadalupan cult was founded surprisingly early by New Spanish settlers as an eighteenth-century frontier devotion (‘Patroness of la frontera’); and how it quickly became associated with embattled notions of Mexican identity and ethnic dignity following the Texan secession of the 1830s (‘Defender of dignidad’). In what is perhaps the most intriguing chapter (‘Companion in el exilio, 1900–1940’) Matovina eloquently recounts the devotional boom associated with the Mexican Revolution, when the Guadalupan cult embodied feelings of spiritual protest against religious persecution back home and ‘chosen people’ migrant theologising. The study closes with another suggestive study of the Virgin as the mystical patroness or spiritual support (‘celestial mother’) of ethnic Mexicans adjusting to cross-border realities in San Antonio since 1940. Throughout, the author stresses the legacy of distinct waves of Mexican out-migration in regenerating devotion to the Virgin of Guadalupe in San Antonio, and the cult's rich multivocality as it reforms around changing socioeconomic structures and devotional needs. This is a well-researched and valuable addition to the literatures on popular Mexican and chicano religiosities.
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