This book is a detailed contribution to the on-going debate about working-class adherence to the Christian Churches in nineteenth-century Britain. Hillis revisits his earlier focus on Glasgow and submits the Protestant churches of the Barony parish to an exhaustive socio-economic analysis. The lack of membership rolls limits his analysis of Episcopalian and Roman Catholic congregations. He uses baptismal registers and communicant roll books as his principal sources, although he questions the value of the former as an analytical tool if parents only attended church in order to have their children baptised. Consequently, the more detailed use of communicant rolls often confines analysis to the most devoted section of the church-attending population. This analysis somewhat limits the sort of informal or diffused church connections identified by Jeremy Cox as a significant dimension of working-class religion in this period. This qualification aside, the book provides the sort of detailed micro-level of research that makes an invaluable contribution to the picture of working-class religion in nineteenth-century urban Britain. The detailed breakdown of groups and lay leaders of some of the Protestant congregations, and their backgrounds and social artefacts, offers important insights into this local level of a major Scottish parish. Painstaking research such as this is the only basis for accurate generalisations about nineteenth-century Christianity. It is on this basis that Hillis proposes that, notwithstanding impersonal forces shaping churchgoing, individual decision-making with regard to religious choices was also an important ingredient in the febrile mix of urban religion in this age of faith.
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