As the title suggests, this book covers the conflict of interests inherent in growing crops for food versus fuel, while at the same time conserving genetic resources. These issues are discussed in the context of climate change. For someone like me, reasonably in touch with issues surrounding the problems of genetic conservation under climate change, the book provides a useful overview of an area less familiar, namely that of energy crop production. There are 11 chapters that cover these issues, the final and maybe most important one being a consideration of options for the future and 25 recommendations/challenges. The recommendations include improvement of genetic conservation using complementary approaches, development of novel food crops that are more stress tolerant, as well as second generation energy crops, greater emphasis on global agricultural research and development to support food security, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. While the book is fairly short, these issues are backed up by quite valuable examples and reasoned discussion. But for me the greatest value of the book lies in the very large number of figures and tables. There is a very considerable amount of data within these that appears to be, by and large, up-to-date, and which would be time consuming for anyone to obtain first hand. The book is therefore a valuable resource in this respect and worth the price.