This book is a companion and guide. Houghton is a member of the team in Birmingham that is working on the edition for the Vetus Latina of the Gospel of John and of the Pauline Epistles. He continues, a century later, the great tradition of English scholars (J. Wordsworth, H. J. White, F. C. Burkitt, C. H. Turner, A. Souter) on the text of the New Testament. His book is not unworthy of his predecessors. A book, not just a chapter in a book: from now on the importance of the Latin versions will be recognised for themselves. This volume is divided into three parts: i. History from the beginnings in Africa until Theodore Beza with, as is to be expected, a more prolonged discussion of developments in the patristic and Carolingian periods; ii: the texts, including editions and resources (with up-to-date references to recent digital and informatic tools), evaluation of the Latin texts as witnesses to the Greek, and the current state of research for each book of the New Testament (those pages, pp. 154–83, are impressive in revealing a first-hand knowledge and put forward a number of singular readings in the Old Latin and in Jerome's revision of the Gospels); iii: A short description of the manuscripts used in the great critical editions, with three appendices. The relevance of the Latin text of the New Testament is at least two-fold. Latin is the earliest witness to the Greek, quite as old as the oldest papyri. Secondly the repeated revisions of a unique primary version in order to update the vocabulary according to location (from Africa to Italy and Spain) and time (from the end of the second century onwards) or to adjust to divergent Greek texts are observed not only in biblical manuscripts but also in patristic quotations. It becomes clear that the aim of such studies of the biblical text is not only to recover an original, a task often aleatory, but to observe and to understand the divergent texts, especially when they are very ancient. A similar book should be written on the Old Testament, but the situation is not the same: Jerome's translations of the Hebrew revealed a clear-cut difference from the Old Latin, translated from the Septuagint. In the New Testament, even his revision of the Gospels is rather conservative; the Greek model is usually the same, and divergencies are localised. Without entering into details, the present reviewer would like to emphasise the competence of the author who succeeds in marrying synthetic views and precision. This guide will be of great value to scholars in patristic and biblical studies.
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