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Shortening the Duration of Contact Isolation for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in a Pediatric Hospital: A Quality Improvement Project

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 June 2026

Matthew McHugh
Affiliation:
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago
Nabgha Farhat
Affiliation:
Lurie Children’s Hospital
Anna ODonnell
Affiliation:
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Childrens Hospital of Chicago
Caitlin Li
Affiliation:
Lurie Childen’s Chicago
Larry Kociolek
Affiliation:
Ann & Robert H. Lurie Childrens Hospital of Chicago
Ayelet Rosenthal
Affiliation:
Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University

Abstract

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Background: Hospitalized patients colonized or infected with multidrug-resistant organisms (MRO) have historically been placed on contact precautions (CP) for months or indefinitely. However, the necessity of CP for MROs to prevent nosocomial transmission is controversial, and adult data show that standard precautions might suffice for select MROs. Data in pediatrics are lacking, and isolation practices vary between institutions. After literature review and benchmarking with peer institutions, we sought to decrease the amount of time patients in our institution with MROs spent on CP. We aimed to decrease the proportion of inpatient days on CP for patients with MROs while maintaining or decreasing the rate of healthcare associated (HA)-MROs. Methods: Between -12/, we completed a series of plan-do-study-act cycles. These included (1) major MRO policy update with new de-isolation criteria (Table 1), (2) frontline provider education, and (3) implementation of a secondary clinical review by infection prevention and control (IP&C) medical director, to appropriately expedite the removal of undue isolation of patients with MRO infection status. Eventually, infection preventionists no longer needed a secondary review, so the fourth PDSA cycle eliminated that secondary review. Our outcome measure was proportion of inpatient days in CP for patients with MROs. Our process measure was the number of medical director case reviews/month; balancing measure was number of total HA-MRO, HA resistant gram-negative rods (GNR) and HA Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)/month. Data were monitored on statistical process control charts. Results: Proportion of MRO isolation days decreased from 4.5% to 2.6% (figure 1). Number of medical director secondary reviews increased and was sustained for 8-months until no longer required (figure 2). No center line shifts were noted in the?rate of HA-MROs (figure 3). Conclusion: Shortening the duration of CP for select MROs can be safely implemented and did not increase HA-MDRO rate in our children’s hospital.

A table comparing previous and revised de-isolation criteria for various multidrug-resistant organisms.

A line graph showing the proportion of isolation days per patient days over time, with key policy changes and educational interventions marked.

A line graph showing the review status of MRO by the medical director over time.

Two line graphs depict healthcare-associated infection rates over time.

Information

Type
Pediatrics
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2026. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America