Afghanistan    3–23, 25–28, 36–37, 41–42, 65, 73–74, 78–88, 92–95, 101–102, 104, 107–120, 122, 137–138, 143–144, 149–150, 157, 159–160, 170, 172–174, 176–179, 185–186, 199–201

• Taliban    4–6, 9–11, 14–18, 21, 102–103, 114, 144

• U.S. Military Action    2

Africa    26, 36–40, 43–44, 51, 54–63, 107, 127, 139, 158, 166, 197

• AIDS    59–60, 153

AIDS    48, 50, 59–60, 76, 81, 153, 155, 162, 166

Al Qaeda    4, 6, 13, 16, 18, 21–22, 102, 113, 127–128, 170

Angola    54

Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty    108

Arms Control    2, 24, 119

• Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) treaty    108

• landmine    67

• Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)    1, 119

• nuclear nonproliferation    27, 73–74, 81, 119, 139, 142, 145, 150–151, 173

• START I    21

• Theater Missile Defense    14, 25, 28–29, 70, 102–103, 115, 120, 130, 138, 143

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Forum    64, 73–75, 83, 85, 87–89, 108, 151–153, 194, 204–206

• Bogor    75

assassination    135, 138, 163

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)    2, 13, 64, 68–69, 71–72, 77, 81–83, 85, 150–151, 157, 159, 169, 194

Baltic States    30, 95, 97, 109–110

Belarus    122

Bosnia and Herzegovina    93, 95–97, 111, 113

• Sarajevo    95–96, 101, 111

Brazil    182

Burma    67, 82–83, 149, 152, 169, 171

Burundi    55

Cambodia    149, 151, 153–158

Canada    16, 94, 183–184, 192, 206

Central America    183

CFE Treaty [see Arms Control: Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty]    1

Chile    26, 75, 185

China, People's Republic of (PRC)    2, 13, 26, 30, 36, 51, 64, 69–77, 80–83, 86–87, 89–90, 142, 150–151, 155, 160, 191, 196–197, 201–204, 208–210

climate change    31, 36, 72–73, 76, 78–81, 86, 114, 118, 149, 151, 153, 162, 166, 169, 188, 196, 200

• ARCHIVE: Letter of Submittal (9/20/97) [text]38–41    1

Congo    1, 26, 36, 38, 51, 55

• Kivu    51

Congress, U.S    2–16, 18–22, 24–31, 33, 37–40, 43, 45–49, 51, 54–59, 61, 64–90, 92–93, 95–102, 104, 106–111, 113–122, 124–143, 145–146, 148–168, 170–180, 182–187, 190–210

• Senate    24, 27, 29, 57, 86, 97, 110, 120, 143, 176, 186

Croatia    95

Cuba    30

• Guantanamo Bay, U.S. military base    17, 112

Cyprus    92

Czech Republic    30, 94

Dayton Accord    95–96, 111

ECOWAS    58–59

Ecuador    182

Egypt    110, 132–134, 138

elections    2–3, 6, 19, 30, 38, 41–42, 47, 54–59, 82–83, 87, 91, 93, 96–97, 99–101, 114, 122, 124, 128, 135–136, 138, 140–141, 144–146, 148, 152, 161–162, 164, 168–169, 172, 177–178, 201

Estonia    97

Ethiopia    42, 81

European Community (EC)    103

European Union (EU)    3–4, 14, 57, 59, 92, 96–100, 104, 107, 109, 111–112, 115–118, 120, 122, 126, 131, 133, 192, 206

France    97

Georgia    47, 93–94, 97, 110, 113, 116, 172

Germany    97, 191

Group of Seven (G-7)    191

Guatemala    182

Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)    138, 140, 143

Haiti    4, 44–45, 50, 65, 185, 187

High Representative, Office of the [see also Bosnia]    3–4, 111, 133

human rights violations    11, 57, 61, 152, 180

• looting and burning    41, 110, 124, 157

humanitarian assistance    12–13, 37, 48, 57, 67, 69–71, 82, 86, 138–139, 142–143, 152, 175–176

Immigration    31, 183–185

India    11, 19, 26, 36–37, 42, 48, 52, 76, 149–150, 157, 163–167, 169, 198–201, 204, 208

Indonesia    1, 49, 54, 76, 78, 148–150, 157, 167–170, 204

intellectual property rights (IPR)    92, 190, 193–194, 206

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)    107, 139–140, 142, 174

International Court of Justice (ICJ)    100, 104

International Court of Justice (ICJ)    100, 104

International Criminal Court (ICC)    61

international law    24, 69, 72, 75, 89

International Monetary Fund (IMF)    130, 191–193, 197

Iran    6, 20, 27–28, 55, 58, 73–74, 82–83, 90, 92, 104, 106–107, 110–113, 116, 118, 120, 129, 133–136, 139–143, 148, 151, 158, 160, 171, 174, 179–180, 186, 193

• nuclear weapons program    27, 73, 82, 90, 107, 112, 120, 129, 143, 174, 186

Iraq    2, 16, 21, 114, 127, 133, 135–136, 138, 141, 143–146, 157, 170, 186, 199, 201

• Al-Qaeda, links to    136

• Insurgency    21, 102

• sanctions    143

Ireland    105–106

Israel    2, 5–6, 46, 97, 118, 124–130, 133–134, 136–137, 141–143, 161, 170, 194

• Gaza    5, 125, 130, 161

• Golan Heights    111

• Jerusalem    126, 130, 132–133

• Tel Aviv    129

• West Bank    125, 127

Italy    16, 143

Japan    54, 64, 69–70, 73–77, 83, 86–90, 108, 131, 142, 149, 151–152, 157, 160, 190–192, 203–204, 206

• Okinawa    70, 87

Jordan    45–47, 138

Kazakstan    31, 119, 171–176, 178

Kenya    37–38, 42, 48, 54, 60–61

Korean Peninsula    2, 41, 64–66, 69, 72–73, 75–77, 80, 83, 85–86, 89–91, 142, 149–152, 157, 160, 192–193, 196–197, 201–208

Kosovo    95, 99–100, 104–105, 111–112

• Pristina    95, 99, 105

Kuwait    137, 140, 145

Latvia    95

Law of the Sea    69, 72

Lebanon    5–6, 112, 118, 128, 133–136, 138, 143, 153

Liberia    37–38, 54

Libya    210

Lithuania    30, 109–110

Malaysia    12–13, 131, 149–150, 157–161

Mali    39–40, 51

Mexico    37, 183–185, 187–188, 192, 206

Middle East peace process    90, 112, 124, 126–127, 132–133, 135–136, 141–142, 147, 159, 170

Moldova    97, 172

Nagorno-Karabakh    172

National Missile Defense (NMD) [see also Arms Control: Missile Defense]    14, 25, 28–29, 70, 102–103, 115, 120, 130, 138, 143

Netherlands, The    30, 115, 140

Niger Delta    58–59

Nigeria    55, 58–59

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)    2–3, 6, 8, 13–14, 16–19, 21, 28, 82, 92–97, 101–104, 108–110, 112–122, 130, 176

North Korea    64–66, 72, 75, 77, 83, 85, 89–91, 142, 149–151, 160

• nuclear weapons    64–65, 72–73, 77, 85, 90–91, 142, 150–151, 160

• withdrawal from NPT    73, 142, 149–151

Northern Ireland    105–106

Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)    2, 31, 109, 118, 122, 171–175, 178

Pakistan    3–23, 36–37, 48–49, 74, 82–83, 118–119, 122, 138, 144, 164–165, 200

Palestinians    5–6, 46, 110, 112–113, 124–127, 130–134, 139, 161, 170

• Gaza    5, 125, 130, 161

• Palestinian Authority    1, 124–126, 130–131, 142–144, 161

• West Bank    125, 127, 161

Panama    36, 184–185

Peru    75, 187, 198

Philippines    149–150, 152, 201

Poland    28, 30, 54, 120–122

Russian Federation    2, 14, 24–25, 27–29, 33, 57, 76–77, 80, 83, 87, 89–90, 92–94, 108, 110, 115–116, 119–122, 159, 172, 186, 190, 208

• Khodorkovsky    122

Rwanda    42

sanctions    2–22, 24–31, 33, 37–40, 43, 45–51, 54–61, 64–93, 95–102, 104–122, 124–146, 148–180, 182–186, 6, 27–28, 55, 57–59, 73, 90, 107, 111, 113, 118, 143, 148, 151, 186–187, 190–210

• Iran    25, 27–28, 90, 107, 111, 148, 151

• Iraq    143

Saudi Arabia    128, 130, 137, 139, 161

Security Council [see United Nations]    26, 54, 56–58, 60, 71, 74, 85, 87–91, 106, 111–114, 116, 133–134, 138, 144–145, 148, 166

Sierra Leone    54

Slovak Republic    103–105

Somalia    55, 139

South Africa    26, 37, 59–60

South Asia    3–23, 26, 36–37, 42, 48–49, 52, 74, 76, 82–83, 118–119, 122, 138, 144, 149–150, 157, 163–167, 169, 198–201, 204, 208

South Korea    41, 64–66, 76–77, 83, 86, 89–91, 142, 149–152, 157, 196–197, 201–202, 204–208

Sudan    2, 50, 55–58, 61, 92, 108, 111, 113, 116, 118, 120, 133, 153

• Darfur    57

• Janjaweed    57

Syria    38, 104, 134–136

Taiwan (Republic of China)    71

Tanzania    39–42, 56

terrorism (see also al Qaeda)    4–12, 14, 18–22, 25, 28–29, 47, 54, 57, 59, 68, 81, 93, 101, 114–115, 118–119, 122, 127–129, 137, 145, 148, 152, 163–164, 166, 170, 176, 178–180, 182–185, 193

• assassination    135, 138, 163

• cyber    14, 25, 28, 31–33, 81, 84–85, 115, 175

• HAMAS    5, 125–126, 140

• Hizbullah    5–6, 126, 134–136, 143

• Indian Parliament, attack on    166

Thailand    149–153, 156–157

Theater Missile Defense    14, 25, 28–29, 70, 102–103, 115, 120, 130, 138, 143

Togo    37

Trade    36, 39–41, 43–44, 49, 51–52, 57, 60, 66, 68, 74–76, 79–80, 83–84, 86–92, 100, 113–115, 117–119, 125, 136–137, 144–146, 150–152, 155, 157–160, 163, 166, 168–169, 172–173, 182–185, 190–211

Tsunami    4, 78, 185

Uganda    42, 50, 55

Ukraine    101, 116, 193

United Kingdom (U.K.)    3, 55, 84, 97, 103, 105, 112, 122, 127

United Nations (U.N.)    3, 26, 30–31, 50, 55, 57–60, 65, 69, 72–74, 76, 81–82, 87–91, 99–100, 111–112, 114–116, 118–119, 129, 134, 138, 143–145, 148, 152–154, 166, 173, 180, 185–186

• U.N. General Assembly    98–99, 128–129, 159, 180

• U.N. Security Council    26, 54, 56–58, 60, 71, 74, 85, 87–91, 106, 111–114, 116, 133–134, 138, 144–145, 148, 166

United States    2–16, 18–22, 24–31, 33, 37–40, 43, 45–49, 51, 54–59, 61, 64–90, 92–93, 95–102, 104, 106–111, 113–122, 124–143, 145–146, 148–168, 170–180, 182–187, 190–210

• Department of Defense    32

• Department of State    6, 10, 13, 24, 29, 31, 33, 37–38, 54–55, 58, 92, 96, 98, 105, 111–112, 136, 160–161, 171, 178–179, 187, 198

• White House    3, 6, 12–13, 22, 33, 37, 55–56, 61–62, 71, 89, 91–92, 95, 101, 103, 113, 117–118, 122, 124, 127–128, 136–137, 143, 146, 180, 182–183, 187–188, 211

Uzbekistan    31, 119, 176–177, 179

Venezuela    186

Vietnam    65–72, 76–78, 80, 149–151, 153, 156, 198

Western Hemisphere    1, 182–189

World Bank    4, 42, 78, 125, 130–131, 161–162, 200

World Trade Organization (WTO)    89, 92, 108, 190, 193–194, 196, 200, 206, 208–211

Zimbabwe    54, 61

Abbas, Mahmoud    5, 125–126, 130, 132–133, 142

Abdullah, King of Jordan    46–47, 128

Albright, Madeleine    25, 101

Allawi, Iyad    146

Barak, Ehud    141

Barnier, Michel    107

Barzani, Massoud    124, 146

Ben-Eliezer, Binyamin    194

Berger, Samuel    25

Berman    11, 42

Biden, Joseph    22, 25, 27, 33, 61, 97, 99, 101, 128, 143–144, 146

bin Laden, Osama    5

Brown, Gordon    25

Bush, George    25, 33

Chavez, Hugo    186

Cheney, Richard    59

Clinton, Bill    30, 54, 67, 77, 91–92, 96, 106, 130, 146, 148, 157–158, 161

Clinton, Hillary    3–4, 6, 9, 13, 16, 24–26, 29, 37, 43, 45, 54, 56, 58–59, 64, 73, 76, 79–80, 82, 85, 89, 92–95, 97–100, 103, 105–106, 109, 111–112, 115–116, 124, 128, 130, 132, 134, 136, 141, 148–149, 153–154, 158, 161, 171, 173, 177, 198

Cohen, William    25

Dzurinda, Mikulas    103–105

Gates, Robert    3, 5, 7, 12–13, 15, 18–22, 24, 32–33, 38, 41, 64–66, 68–72, 81–85, 101–103, 143–144, 149–151, 182, 185–186

Geithner, Timothy    73, 107, 151, 191–192, 196, 198

Gheit, Ahmed Aboul    132–134

Gul, Abdullah    113, 195

Hadley, Stephen    25

Hariri, Rafik    128, 134–135, 143

Hill, Christopher R    27

Holbrooke, Richard    3–4, 21, 60, 122

Hussein, Saddam    138

Karimov, Islom    177, 179

Karzai, Hamid    2–3, 6, 14–21, 102, 107, 110, 114, 117, 185

Kerry, John    12, 27, 57

Khodorkovsky, Mikhail    122

Kissinger, Henry    25, 29, 71

Koh, Harold    194

Kyl, Jon    25, 27, 29

Lama, Dalai    152

Leahy, Patrick    11, 67

Lugar, Richard    27, 29

Mbeki, Thabo    55

McCain, John    67

Medvedev, Dmitry    14, 24, 92, 108, 115, 121–122, 172, 190, 208

Mitchell, George    126, 135

Mubarak, Hosni    132–133, 136

Mugabe, Robert    61

Nazarbayev    173

Netanyahu, Binyamin    5, 110, 126, 129–130, 133, 137

Obama, Barack    3–6, 9, 12, 14–20, 22, 24–30, 33, 39–40, 43, 46, 48–49, 52, 54–58, 60, 64, 68, 71–78, 86–89, 91–92, 95, 98, 101, 103, 107–109, 113–114, 117, 119–122, 125, 127–130, 132, 136–137, 139, 141, 145–146, 148–151, 157–159, 161, 163–165, 167, 170–173, 175–176, 178, 182–184, 187, 190, 193, 195–196, 198, 200–203, 205–208

Powell, Colin    25, 29

Rabin, Yitzhak    128

Rasmussen, Anders Fogh    14, 28, 101

Saakashvili, Mikheil    47, 93, 113, 172

Sarkozy, Nicolas    172

Scowcroft, Brent    25, 71

Sharif, Nawaz    56

Singh, Manmohan    52, 163, 165, 198, 200, 204

Steinberg    54, 104

Tenet, George    120

Xiaoping, Deng    71

Yudhoyono, Susilo    167–168, 204