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McClain, E. P. NOAA’s hydrology studies under the earth resources survey program. (In Third annual earth resources program review. Vol. 3. Hydrology and oceanography. Presented at the NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas. December 1 to 3, 1970. Houston, Texas, NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, [1971], p. 57-1–57-9.) [Mentions snow cover studies.]Google Scholar

McKay, G. A., and Findlay, B. F. Variation of snow resources with climate and vegetation in Canada. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 17–26. [General survey.]Google Scholar

Meier, M. F., and Edgerton, A. T. Emission characteristics of snow and ice in the microwave range. (In Third annual earth resources program review. Vol. 3. Hydrology and oceanography. Presented at the NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas. December 1 to 3, 1970. Houston, Texas, NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, [1971], p. 51-1–51-14.) [Outlines recent studies, especially in separating the effects on microwave emission of the various snow characteristics.]Google Scholar

Meier, M. F., and Edgerton, A. T. Microwave emission from snow—a progress report. Proceedings of the seventh International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment … 1971 …. Ann Arbor, Willow Run Laboratories, Institute of Science and Technology, University of Michigan, Vol. 2, 1971, p. 1155–63. [Measurement of natural and artificial snow packs at various wave-lengths showed that brightness temperatures vary with snow depth, water equivalent, free water content, and with the character of the underlying material.]Google Scholar

Mel’chanov, V. A. Snegozapasy v yelovykh lesakh srednego Urala [Snow reserves in fir forests in the central Ural]. Meteorologiya i Gidrologiya, 1971, No. 11, p. 75–80. [Factors affecting melting of snow and Consequent water supply.]Google Scholar

Molnau, M. Comparison of runoff from a catchment snow pillow and a small forested watershed. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 39–43. [Analysis of run-off timing for two forested watersheds.]Google Scholar

Mueller, O. P. Soil temperature regimes in a forested area of the northern Rockies. Soil Science, Vol. 109, No. 1, 1970, p. 40–47. [Soil temperatures were closely related to air temperatures and snow cover; factors influencing these two controls are discussed.]Google Scholar

Nogami, M. Sessen no teigi to sono ketteihō [The snow-line: its definition and determination (using Cordillera Real as an example)]. Daiyonki Kenkyū : Quaternary Research, Vol. 9. [No.] 1, 1970, p. 7–16. [Reviews various methods and derives equation for calculating the change of snow-line from the fluctuations of the ice tongue. English summary, p. 7.]Google Scholar

Peck, E. L. Snow measurement predicament. Water Resources Research, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1972, p. 244–48. [Discusses limitations of present measuring systems and basic problems involved in obtaining more representative values.]Google Scholar

Peck, E. L., and others. Evaluation of snow water equivalent by airborne measurement of passive terrestrial gamma radiation, [by] Peck, E. L. and Bissell, V. C., Jones, E. B., Burge, D. L.. Water Resources Research, Vol. 7, No. 5, 1971, p. 1151–59. [Describes method for determining the water equivalent of snow packs in large open non-mountainous areas, e.g., United States mid-west.]Google Scholar

Perla, R. I. The slab avalanche. Alta Avalanche Study Center Report No. 100, 1971, ix, 100 p. [Deals with observations and theory, and applies these to problems of control and the evaluation of instability.]Google Scholar

Pipes, A. Prediction of seasonal snowmelt runoff in the Okanagan valley. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 98–105. [Describes difficulties of prediction in this valley, which has a semiarid climate and floor of glacial till with a sandy surface, in British Columbia.]Google Scholar

Rechard, P. A., and Larson, L. W. The use of snow fences for shielding precipitation gages. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 56–62. [Describes installation of fence-shield, and discusses resultant improved operation of gauges in windy areas.]Google Scholar

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Salm, B. On the rheological behavior of snow under high stresses. Contributions from the institute of Low Temperature Science, Ser. A, No. 23, 1971, 43 p. [As the classical failure criteria applied to snow were not in accordance with experimental results, a fundamentally new criterion is suggested which shows better agreement with tests.]Google Scholar

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Swanson, R. H., and Stevenson, D. R. Managing snow accumulation and melt under leafless aspen to enhance watershed value. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 63–69. [Experiences in southern Alberta show that leafless aspen and willow stands have a marked effect on the retention of snow, even during chinook periods.]Google Scholar

Swift, C. H., III. Radio-telemetry network used by the U.S. Geological Survey for reporting hydrologic data in western Washington. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 70–76. [Describes extent of present network, type and capability of equipment used for reporting and recording data, types of sensors used, and some practical problems.]Google Scholar

Tabler, Ronald D. Design of a watershed snow fence system, and first-year snow accumulation. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 50–55. [Describes design, location and performance of this snow fence, intended to store snow, particularly in windswept areas, for management purposes.]Google Scholar

Tarble, Richard D., and Burnash, R. J. C. Directions in water supply forecasting, Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 93–97. [General discussion of trends in forecasting water supply from snow cover.]Google Scholar

Tinker, J. Lead in Arctic snow. New Scientist, Vol. 52, No. 772, 1971, p. 49–51. [Reply to article by M. Williams, ibid., Vol. 51, No. 768, 1971, p. 578–80, refuting his allegations about Bryce-Smith and Tinker’s presentation of Murozumi and co-workers’ data regarding lead levels in Greenland snow.]Google Scholar

Tollner, H. Zum Problem Lawinenabgang und Lawinen-Vorhersage in Österreich. Wetter und Leben, Jahrg. 23, Ht. 11–12, 1971, p. 237–43. [Methods of predicting avalanches, particularly in Austria.]Google Scholar

Tushinskiy, G. K., ed. Karty lavinoopasnykh rayonov Sovetskogo Soyuza [Maps of avalanche risk regions of the Soviet Union]. Moscow, Izdatel’stvo Moskovskogo Universiteta, 1971, 27 p., 4 maps. [Four maps of the U.S.S.R., relating relief, climate and distribution of avalanches, accompanied by explanatory booklet.]Google Scholar

Vance, H. M., and Whaley, B. L. Snow frequency analysis for Oregon and Utah. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 34–38. [This information is valuable in newly developing areas where plans for snow management must be made.]Google Scholar

Villeneuve, G.-O. Les chutes de neige à Québec. Ressources: Bulletin de la Direction Générale des Eaux, Gouvernement du Québec, Vol. 3, No. 2, 1972, p. 6–8. [Examines periodicity of snowfalls in Quebec, using data from 1901 to 1971.]Google Scholar

Willen, D. W., and others. Simulation of daily snow water equivalent and melt, by Willen, D. W., Shumway, C. A. and Reid, J. E.. Proceedings of the Western Snow Conference, 39th annual meeting, 1971, p. 1–8. [Describes development of simulation model that predicts daily snow deposition, depletion, and net on-site delivery of snow melt water.]Google Scholar