This collection of twenty-two essays focuses on the life, work and impact of Johannes Sturm, who is best known for the creation and oversight of higher education in the imperial free city of Strasbourg from 1539 to 1581. These contributions stem from a conference held in Strasbourg in 2007 to mark the five-hundredth anniversary of Sturm's birth. Writing in German, English and French, the contributors assess Sturm's life and legacy in four different sections: his role in Strasbourg, his contribution to the field of rhetoric, his pedagogical influence and his work as a diplomat and upholder of Reformed Protestantism. The essays highlight many positive features of Sturm's work, including his talented leadership in higher education, making Strasbourg a prized destination for students across Europe, and his contribution to humanist learning through his numerous commentaries on classical sources. A relatively recent area of research is the influence of Sturm's model of higher education elsewhere, including in eastern Europe. The chapters by Pietrzyk on Poland-Lithuania, Holý on the Bohemian lands and Klöker on Riga in the Baltic show how the Sturmian model was successfully transplanted. Contributors also note Sturm's weaknesses, including his slowness to realise that Francis i was not going to convert to French Protestantism. Hugues Daussy's chapter on Sturm and France lays out very clearly both why Sturm was valued as a well-connected diplomat by the French court, and why Sturm increasingly broke his ties with the monarchy, choosing instead to throw his energies and the bulk of his money behind the Huguenot cause. The financial difficulties that resulted from the loans he made to the Huguenots (not paid back until 1622, well after his death) overshadowed his later years, as did his increasingly venomous conflict with the Lutheran clergy of Strasbourg, as analysed by Bernard Vogler. Among the most fascinating contributions is the pair of chapters by Irena Backus and James Hirstein, each examining Sturm's biography of Beatus Rhenanus, but coming to two diametrically opposed assessments of the value of Sturm's work. In the final chapter, Marc Lienhard calls for more research on Sturm and his theological outlook, particularly via his extensive network of correspondents. Yet even at this stage, the scope and range of the essays offered in this volume provide a comprehensive overview of Johannes Sturm's impact. Graduate students and scholars of early modern Europe will benefit from this collection of well-researched scholarly articles.
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