Designed to provide critical evaluation of religious issues, concepts and practices that may be alien to a twenty-first-century multi-cultural readership of Chaucer, this volume richly achieves its aims. Every one of these essays contains trenchant analysis of Chaucer's works that is accessible, informative and suggestive. Approaches are refreshingly varied: some essays provide broader coverage of important topics such as the Bible, eschatology or Lollardy, while others, for instance on Mary, sanctity, miracles and voices of saints, explore more detailed aspects of a smaller range of texts. Throughout, complex matters such as indulgences, purgatory or liturgy are explained clearly through critical discussion of Chaucer's textual pressure on his religious environment. Especially welcome is the discussion of a whole range of Chaucer's works; the interchanges established between what might be thought ‘secular’ and ‘religious’ is a notable strength of this volume. The essays by Alciun Blamires on ‘Love, sex, marriage and gender’, those by Stephen Knight on the fabliaux, and on the dream vision poems, and the two by Helen Phillips on ‘Romance’ and ‘Morality’ contain illuminating and original discussion of important religious and philosophical dimensions of works which may be less obvious, especially to newer readers of Chaucer. That said, more established scholars will also be prompted to new critical reflection by many of these essays. It is important that religion is not treated as a synonym for ‘Christianity’; the supple essay by Anthony Bale on the positioning of Jewish and Muslim identities is matched by more local discussion of the tales of the Man of Law and the Prioress elsewhere in the collection. Across the volume, lively debates are conducted about pertinent theoretical modes of reading religion in Chaucer's texts: the place of Robertsonianism, materialist criticism, or models of anthropology. Individual works of Chaucer are discussed in more than one essay which creates important ‘diversitee of opinioun’. Students will learn from this collection, most importantly because they will learn to make up their own minds about informed treatment of religion in the works of a poet whose opinion is famously difficult to determine. Discussion of teaching religion in Chaucer complements the critical essays. Given that the teaching chapters speak so eloquently with the ‘critical’ essays, I thought it was a pity (though understandable) that they were placed at the end. It might have been good practice, and in keeping with the spirit of the volume, to have presented them as part of a more horizontal ‘fellowship’. I will give Chaucer and religion a very prominent place on my teaching bibliographies, and I trust that my future teaching and scholarship will benefit from the many insights that I derived from reading this book.
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