The book under review is the second major study on charismatic renewal within Ghanaian Christianity. The first was Cephas Omenyo's 2002 Utrecht University PhD thesis published as Pentecost outside Pentecostalism: a study of the development of Charismatic renewal movements in the mainline Churches in Ghana. Omenyo looked at the religious phenomenon of renewal within virtually all the mainline churches in Ghana. Here, in Enchanted Calvinism, Adam Mohr studies renewal Christianity within a particular mainline church tradition, the Presbyterian Church of Ghana (PCG). He thus expatiates on, and conducts a more elaborate research than was possible in, Omenyo's earlier work. The two works are both the results of doctoral level research. The other significant point to note about Mohr's study is the fact that in the case of the Grace Presbyterian Congregation, which he studies, that Church itself started as a renewal movement which was later reconstituted as a branch of the PCG. Although the PCG has now stationed a full-time minister to take charge of its Grace congregation at Akropong-Akwapem in the east of Ghana, the main religious functionary in this church continues to be its catechist, Ebenezer Aboah-Offei. He is the layman of the PCG whose gifts of healing and deliverance brought the group together. Incidentally, Akropong-Akuapem, where the group started, was the pioneering location for Basel mission work that brought the PCG into being. Christ Presbyterian Church, the original congregation, has in terms of liturgical outlook retained a traditional Presbyterian orientation but the Grace congregation has taken on a charismatic outlook. Adam Mohr's work is a book of six chapters consisting of ethnographic and historical research that took place in Ghana and parts of the USA where the author tries to follow the activities of the charismatic catechist Aboah-Offei as he also ministers by invitation to Ghanaians in the diaspora. The theoretical framework of the books rests on Max Weber's thought on the relationship between the Protestant work ethic and modern capitalism. The growth and spread of modern capitalism contributes to the disenchantment of the world and, as Mohr argues, such disenchantment implies at least three things: firstly, the decline of supernatural modes of explanation in human affairs; secondly, the departure of supernatural forces behind the natural world that interact in human affairs; and thirdly the absence of charismatically endowed humans who manipulate supernatural powers for the benefit of humans. The PCG, as an African Church based within a context in which the supernatural realm remains active, presents a negative instance of the alienation of the supernatural from public life with the development of capitalism as envisaged by Weber. Adam Mohr therefore uses the expression ‘enchanted Calvinism’ to refer to ‘the institutionalised recognition of spiritual explanations of the world by the Presbyterian Church of Ghana, the institutional acknowledgement of spiritual afflictions in the life's of the church's congregants, and the decisive ways in which these spiritually afflicted individuals were and continue to be delivered from their maladies by charismatic individuals supported by the church’ (p. 10). The catechist Aboah-Offei has emerged within Ghanaian Presbyterianism as such a charismatic individual serving the pastoral needs of Ghanaian Presbyterians at home and abroad. In the discussion Mohr traces the history of the PCG from its inception in the Gold Coast (Ghana since March 1957) at the beginning of the nineteenth century to the establishment of branches in North America that continue to rely on the export of charismatic power through the visits of ‘powerful men of God’ like catechist Aboah-Offei. In Africa generally, as illustrated by Mohr in this study, dependence on capitalist modes of production did not diminish the belief that life was enchanted with supernatural forces that have become the focus of much religious activity. Mohr does well in recognising that within the Calvinist tradition of the PCG the embrace of charismatic renewal and the ministries of healing and deliverance have obviously been reinforced by the powerful presence of Pentecostal/charismatic ministries in Africa. Even more importantly, with respect to the belief in supernatural power, the Basel missionaries who oversaw the planting of Presbyterianism in Ghana joined the general western chorus that dismissed African beliefs in supernatural evil as nonsensical superstition. The availability of Spirit-inspired therapeutic services from African independent church prophets and charismatic church leaders like Aboah-Offei continued to alert the patrons of mainline church Christianity, including the Presbyterians, to the fact of the reality of evil and the need to deal with it through the ministries of healing and deliverance. Adam Mohr has through Enchanted Calvinism drawn attention to some of the important themes in Christianity that is authentically African and some of the tensions that emerged as western missionaries tried virtually to duplicate their forms of rational and cerebral Christianity within African contexts like Ghana.
No CrossRef data available.