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This chapter immerses readers in the love–hate relationship Brussels diplomats have with digital technologies. We meet Daan, who thrives on WhatsApp and in-person networking but worries about leaks and information overload; Sabine, who uses two phones to separate work and private life yet still feels overwhelmed by constant connectivity; Jakub, who despises negotiating with devices in the room, fearing they disrupt trust and focus; and Lukas, drowning in his perpetually updating email inbox, struggling to maintain analytical depth. Through their experiences, the chapter reveals how digital tools – smartphones, emails, and social media – have become both indispensable and disruptive. While enabling rapid communication and public engagement, these technologies also fragment attention, blur professional and personal boundaries and threaten the confidentiality essential to diplomacy. The chapter probes the classic idea of the diplomat as an information-gatherer and mediator, asking what happens to diplomatic identity, intimacy and trust in an era of near-constant digital connection. Ultimately, it frames this tension as a defining paradox of modern EU diplomacy: the promise of efficiency and connectivity clashes with the reality of distraction, overload and the erosion of traditional diplomatic practices.
This Element compares crisis-specific policymaking, its causes and consequences, at the two levels of the EU polity during the COVID-19 and the refugee crisis 2015–16. In both crises, EU policymaking responded to exogenous pressure and was dominated by executive decision-making. Still, it also differed in three critical aspects: it was much more salient, consensual, and effective during the COVID-19 than the refugee crisis. The present study accounts for both similarities and differences, which it attempts to explain by features of the nature of the crises. The key argument of the study is that the policymaking process during crises is, to a large extent, determined by the crisis situation – the crisis-specific functional problem pressure, the institutional context (of the EU polity), and the corresponding political pressure at the origin of a given crisis. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
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