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1 results

  • Risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux in Hubble Bubble smokers presenting with hoarseness

  • Abdul Latif Hamdan, Ibana Carapiperis, Lana Ghzayel, Ghena Lababidi, Valerie Sarkis, Jad Hosri, Nijad Zeineddine, Patrick Abou Raji Feghali
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Laryngology & Otology / Volume 140 / Issue 6 / June 2026
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    24 April 2026, pp. 649-652
    Print publication:
    June 2026
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  • Objectives

    This study aimed to investigate the risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux in Hubble Bubble smokers in comparison to non-smokers

    Methods

    The medical records of patients who presented with hoarseness were reviewed. Patients with a history of Hubble Bubble smoking and a control group of non-smokers were included in the study. The risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux was assessed using the Reflux Symptom Index and the Reflux Finding Score.

    Results

    Eighty-six Hubble Bubble smokers and 86 controls were included in the study. There was a statistically significant difference in the mean RSI between the two subgroups (10.05 ± 8.27 vs. 5.05 ± 6.58; p < 0.001). Hubble Bubble smokers were 4.24 times more likely to have a Reflux Symptom Index score greater than 13 in comparison to non-smokers (odds ratio = 4.24; 95 per cent confidence interval: 1.97–9.14).

    Conclusion

    Hubble Bubble smoking increases the risk of laryngopharyngeal reflux by two-fold. A larger prospective study is needed to substantiate the association between Hubble Bubble smoking and laryngopharyngeal reflux.