Chapter 9 revisits our central contributions and considers the scope conditions of our argument. While the underlying governance conditions of a recipient state matter for the impact of migration management aid, we argue that it is migration management aid itself, rather than the regime type of recipient states, that carries the risk of increased repression or worsening authoritarian practices. We argue that reform of migration management aid is possible but that it requires decoupling its focus on building the migration state capacity of recipient countries from more “traditional” development or humanitarian aid, and that it must be accompanied by stronger accountability measures. Finally, we consider the impacts of continuing migration management aid not only for recipient countries, but also for donor countries, particularly those in Europe. The EU’s willingness to forego normal procedures to quickly implement the EUTF has not only undermined its commitment to democracy but has also yielded ground to the political maneuvering of far-right parties, spelling disaster for its own citizens as well as noncitizens within and beyond its borders.