from Part II - From Ritual to Regulation
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 February 2026
This chapter expands the analysis of altered states to include behavioural addictions — particularly gambling — and explores the psychological and economic mechanisms that drive compulsive risk-seeking. It traces the cultural history of gambling from ancient dice games to digital platforms, arguing that many such practices tap into the same neural reward systems as chemical substances. The concept of ’near-miss’ stimulation, variable reinforcement schedules, and illusion of control are explored in detail. The chapter also interrogates how modern gambling institutions are designed to maximise engagement, often targeting vulnerable populations. Public policy debates on regulation, harm reduction, and the blurry line between entertainment and addiction are introduced. Ultimately, this chapter situates gambling within a broader continuum of mind-altering practices that combine ritual, fantasy, and economic aspiration.
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