In this chapter, the writings of two intellectuals are reviewed. Isaac Berkson (1891–1975) and Randolph S. Bourne (1886–1918) viewed the Americanization movement as unnecessary, wrong-headed, and contrary to their understanding of American democracy. For Berkson, Bourne, and many other intellectuals and political activists, the ‘melting pot’ meant forced assimilation into a particular preexisting ‘pot’ into which the immigrant is to be cast, and after a coerced ‘melting’ process, becomes – as much as possible – like the default ‘normal’ Anglo-Saxon/Northern European, white, Christian, English-speaking ‘American.’ For these writers, such a process was incompatible with a future based on a transnational polity of complex diversity that is always evolving and open to change and improvement, and that includes cooperation with other nations in the furtherance of sustainable peace and the improvement of living standards in the United States and across the globe.