Most AI PhDs build careers outside academia, and leaving the faculty track does not mean leaving meaningful research behind. This chapter surveys common paths, from industrial research labs and applied teams to startups, public sector, and nonprofit work, highlighting the trade-offs each environment brings. It then distills the core skills a PhD develops—problem formulation, rigorous analysis, clear communication, leadership, and resilience—and shows how they translate across sectors. The chapter closes with practical guidance for choosing among options, using conversations, internships, and short “trial runs” to learn what fits, and keeping in mind that many careers involve moving between sectors over time.