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29 - AI Literacy and Courts under the EU AI Act

from Part IV.I - International and Regional Jurisdictions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2026

Monika Zalnieriute
Affiliation:
Law Institute of the Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences
Agne Limante
Affiliation:
Law Institute of the Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences
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Summary

Artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly intersects with judicial processes, raising new challenges for courts and judges. One significant concern linked to this development is the ability of judges and court personnel to understand, evaluate, and critically engage with AI systems. The EU Artificial Intelligence Act adopted in 2024 addresses this directly, requiring public bodies using AI to ensure their staff possess a ‘sufficient level of AI literacy’. This chapter argues that enhancing AI competence among judges and court personnel is essential to safeguarding the right to a fair trial, legal certainty, and the rule of law in an increasingly digitalised legal environment. After providing a brief overview of AI literacy obligations in the EU AI Act, the chapter offers insights into how national judicial training institutions could integrate AI literacy into their curricula.

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