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14 - The Cold War

from Part III - Moments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2015

J. R. McNeill
Affiliation:
Georgetown University, Washington DC
Kenneth Pomeranz
Affiliation:
University of Chicago
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Summary

Nightmares of nuclear holocaust permeated the era of the Cold War. The United Nations, a reincarnation of the failed League of Nations, would superintend collective security, but the United States and the other great powers would take special responsibility for keeping the peace. Communist parties predominated in the East, with Moscow's support. Christian Democrats and Social Democrats prevailed in the West, competing in elections but united in opposition to communism. The Soviet Union, for its part, was somewhat slower to propound its ideological system as a model for emulation. Economic, technological, social, and ideological developments were transforming international relations. These transformations, intersecting with détente's accomplishments, would define the terms on which the Cold War ended in the 1980s. The Cold War may have ended, but its effects endure, and for its historians it remains an ongoing struggle.

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