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Chapter 1.5 - Tendency Principles

from Part 1 - A Theory of Singular Causation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2026

Nancy Cartwright
Affiliation:
University of Durham
Eileen Munro
Affiliation:
London School of Economics and Political Science
John Pemberton
Affiliation:
London School of Economics and Political Science
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Summary

Following Donald Davidson, we suppose that cause produce their effects in accord with principles, at least wherever we can warrant causal claims. But we differ from Davidson in our view of what such principles are like. These need not be deterministic laws but, following J. S. Mill, ‘tendency principles’. Tendency principles are usually expressed as generics: they may only apply in appropriate contexts, they may not operate every time they apply (e.g. they may need triggering or act in a chancy way) and they don’t describe what actually happens since other tendencies may contribute as well. They can be found during research but can also be general knowledge. Knowing the principle and activity by which a cause produces its effect helps identify other features that can evidence causation.

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  • Tendency Principles
  • Nancy Cartwright, University of Durham, Eileen Munro, London School of Economics and Political Science, John Pemberton, London School of Economics and Political Science
  • Book: Causal Processes and their Warrant
  • Online publication: 30 April 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009408332.008
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  • Tendency Principles
  • Nancy Cartwright, University of Durham, Eileen Munro, London School of Economics and Political Science, John Pemberton, London School of Economics and Political Science
  • Book: Causal Processes and their Warrant
  • Online publication: 30 April 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009408332.008
Available formats
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Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Tendency Principles
  • Nancy Cartwright, University of Durham, Eileen Munro, London School of Economics and Political Science, John Pemberton, London School of Economics and Political Science
  • Book: Causal Processes and their Warrant
  • Online publication: 30 April 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009408332.008
Available formats
×