from Part II - The Rules
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 October 2026
There are several reasons to find rape shield laws troubling. From the point of view of many defense attorneys and civil libertarians, rape shield laws, by curtailing a defendant’s ability to offer evidence of a victim’s prior sexual conduct, unfairly circumscribe a defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to confront witnesses and present relevant evidence in his defense. To make matters worse, many jurisdictions have now coupled rape shield laws with what amounts to rape sword laws – laws that specifically allow the prosecution to introduce evidence of a defendant’s sexual history as proof of his character or propensity. Defense attorneys and civil libertarians would argue that these rules not only tip the scales against innocence. They also frustrate the truth-finding process, undermine the notion of innocent until proven guilty, and result in miscarriages of justice.
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