Published online by Cambridge University Press: 15 May 2026
In the previous sections, we have focused exclusively on predicting the form and meaning of seen and unseen word forms as accurately as possible. Chuang and Baayen (2021) refer to this as ‘internal validation’, since the targets against which the performance of the model is tested are within the same morphological system. However, as discussed in Chapter 1, the DLM is also a cognitive model, and as such, it should not only be satisfactory as a linguistic model of morphology but also hold up for external validation, that is, as a cognitive model, it should offer useful predictions for behavioural data.
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