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Introduction

from Part III - Best Practice

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 February 2026

Michael Schoenhals
Affiliation:
Lunds Universitet, Sweden
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Summary

During much of the Cold War, HUMINT capacity building did not have to survive public scrutiny. In order to be positively assessed by national governments, behind closed doors, its end product had to satisfy no more than a single requirement. What the Swedish security agency chief cited earlier called the ‘spirit of the times’ prevented agencies from making that requirement explicit: only in works of fiction could it be acknowledged that in intelligence and national security, an operation was a good one as long as it ‘satisfied the only requirement of our profession: it worked’. On no side of the iron and bamboo curtains in the real world did additional requirements – party political, statutory legal, ethical, religious, and so on – ever acquire more than secondary status. As motifically encoded in Part II above, capacity building entailed a diachronic process of identification, endorsement, and promotion of agent running tradecraft aimed squarely at increasing the advance odds that HUMINT ‘worked’. In Part III below, the synchronic structure of corresponding relationships that ensued has been motifically encoded as best practice.

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  • Introduction
  • Michael Schoenhals, Lunds Universitet, Sweden
  • Book: Eyes and Ears
  • Online publication: 05 February 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009604420.009
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  • Introduction
  • Michael Schoenhals, Lunds Universitet, Sweden
  • Book: Eyes and Ears
  • Online publication: 05 February 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009604420.009
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Introduction
  • Michael Schoenhals, Lunds Universitet, Sweden
  • Book: Eyes and Ears
  • Online publication: 05 February 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009604420.009
Available formats
×