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Chapter 9 - Schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 November 2024

David M. L. Branford
Affiliation:
Independent Pharmacy Consultant
Satheesh K. Gangadharan
Affiliation:
Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust
Mary Barrett
Affiliation:
Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust
Regi T. Alexander
Affiliation:
Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust
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Summary

The International Classification of Diseases ICD-11 describes a block called ‘Schizophrenia spectrum and other primary psychiatric disorders’ which includes schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, schizotypal disorder, acute and transient psychotic disorder, delusional disorder and other specified schizophrenias or other primary psychotic disorders. All these conditions are characterised by impaired assessment of reality and behaviour, delusions, hallucinations, disorganised thinking and behaviour, experiences of passivity and control, negative symptoms, and psychomotor disturbances. The ICD-11 specifies a symptom duration of at least one month and has removed the reliance on Schneiderian first-rank symptoms, giving equal weight to any hallucinations or delusion. Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders form part of the group of severe mental illness. They can prove difficult to assess and treat in people with intellectual disability. The chapter presents an overview of the condition, the treatments with medication available, and their relevance.

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