The BATSE era

doi:10.1017/CBO9780511980336.004

3 - The BATSE era

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 December 2012

Gerald J. Fishman and

Charles A. Meegan

Edited by

Chryssa Kouveliotou,

Ralph A. M. J. Wijers and

Stan Woosley

Show author details

Gerald J. Fishman: Affiliation:
NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center, Space Science Office, VP62, Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
Charles A. Meegan: Affiliation:
Universities Space Research Association, NSSTC, 320 Sparkman Drive, Huntsville, AL 35805, USA
Chryssa Kouveliotou: Affiliation:
NASA-Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville
Ralph A. M. J. Wijers: Affiliation:
Universiteit van Amsterdam
Stan Woosley: Affiliation:
University of California, Santa Cruz

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Summary

Introduction

This chapter describes advances in gamma-ray burst (GRB) research during the time of the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE), which was proposed to NASA in 1978, launched into Earth orbit by the Space Shuttle Atlantis in April 1991 as part of the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO), and de-orbited in June 2000. The chapter focuses primarily on BATSE results, although other advances during this time are also discussed. BATSE was the first large, comprehensive experiment specifically designed to study GRBs.

State of the field in 1991

In the two decades prior to BATSE, and following the initial discovery and observations of GRBs with the Vela spacecraft (see also Chapter 1), considerable observational progress was made by means of other spacecraft. In the 1970s and 1980s, several comprehensive catalogs of GRB time profiles were obtained with the Konus instruments on the Venera spacecraft (Mazets et al. 1981a). Perhaps the most accurate spectrum of a GRB at the time was made over a wide energy range by observations from the gamma-ray spectrometer on the Apollo 16 spacecraft (Metzger et al. 1974).

Observations of GRBs were also made by detectors on many other spacecraft designed for other types of research. These included the proportional counters on the UHURU X-ray astronomy spacecraft (R. Harnden, private communication), solar instruments (OSO-7), lunar and planetary X-ray and gamma-ray instruments, and charged particle detectors designed for magnetospheric studies, such as IMP-6 and IMP-7 (e.g., Cline et al. 1973).

Information

Type: Chapter
Information: Gamma-ray Bursts , pp. 19 - 38
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511980336.004 [Opens in a new window]
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2012

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