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2 - Principles of Artificial Neural Networks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2026

Shriram Ramanathan
Affiliation:
Rutgers University, New Jersey
Abhronil Sengupta
Affiliation:
Pennsylvania State University
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Summary

The chapter introduces fundamental principles of deep learning. We discuss supervised learning of feedforward neural networks by considering a binary classification problem. Gradient descent techniques and backpropagation learning algorithms are introduced as means of training neural networks. The impact of neuron activations and convolutional and residual network architectures on the learning performance are discussed. Finally, regularization techniques such as batch normalization and dropout are introduced for improving the accuracy of trained models. The chapter is essential to connect advances in conventional deep learning algorithms to neuromorphic concepts.

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