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Chapter 2 - Passive Power and Vortical Forms

John Milton, Herman Melville and J. M. W. Turner

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2026

Laura Fox Gill
Affiliation:
University of Lincoln
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Summary

Chapter 2 establishes an intermedial, transatlantic connection between John Milton, Herman Melville and J. M. W. Turner. Building on the work of Erik Gray and Robert K. Wallace, it identifies in Melville’s and Turner’s work a shared investment in Miltonic ‘passive power’. This concept is spatially rendered in the work of all three figures as a vortex: a dynamic form with a still, potent centre. In Milton, vortical passive power is depicted most clearly in Satan circling the immovable Christ in Paradise Regained. Melville’s engagement with Miltonic passivity is evidenced in his annotated reading of Milton and given vortical form in the violent silence of the white whale in Moby-Dick and in the maddening refusals of Bartleby in ‘Bartleby, the Scrivener’. In Moby-Dick, Melville’s ekphrastic engagement with Milton’s sublime chaos also draws on the visual language of Turner’s paintings, in turn informed by Milton. The chapter ends by examining Turner’s self-mythologising anecdotes, arguing that he constructs himself as a Miltonic figure, positioned as the still, commanding centre of the elemental vortex.

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  • Passive Power and Vortical Forms
  • Laura Fox Gill, University of Lincoln
  • Book: John Milton in Nineteenth-Century Literature and Visual Culture
  • Online publication: 10 March 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009665452.003
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  • Passive Power and Vortical Forms
  • Laura Fox Gill, University of Lincoln
  • Book: John Milton in Nineteenth-Century Literature and Visual Culture
  • Online publication: 10 March 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009665452.003
Available formats
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To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Passive Power and Vortical Forms
  • Laura Fox Gill, University of Lincoln
  • Book: John Milton in Nineteenth-Century Literature and Visual Culture
  • Online publication: 10 March 2026
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009665452.003
Available formats
×