The relationship between the International Brigades and Spain did not end with the volunteersߣ withdrawal from frontline service in late 1938. By way of conclusion, Making Antifascist War considers the post-war trajectories of the antifascist veterans with a particular emphasis on Spainߣs continuing impact on their military activities, political activism and antifascist identities. It then considers the process by which some veterans substituted making antifascist war with writing, speaking and recording it, showing how this process related to the shifting politics of their respective home countries. In the 1990s, the International Brigades came to occupy a particularly contentious place in Spaniardsߣ own memories of their twentieth-century past, with the governmentߣs offer of citizenship to those veterans still alive in 1996 unleashing fresh debates about their relationship to the country. By considering the ongoing role of Spain in the lives of the volunteers, this concluding chapter reaffirms the bookߣs underlying premise that the domestic context of the country is essentially in reaching a full understanding of their transnational military service.