Aluminium Hematite (α-Fe2−yAlyO3)
from Part II - Magnetism of the Major Terrestrial Rock-Forming Magnetic Minerals
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 January 2026
Al hematite has emerged over the last decade as a common magnetic mineral with increasingly well-characterized magnetic properties. Al is soluble in acidic environments, such as those produced by organic acids within soils, so it is mobile in many weathering environments and Al3+ can substitute for Fe3+ to form Al hematite. Knowledge of the fundamental magnetic constants for Al-hematite remains limited to saturation magnetization values, but a moderately well-constrained magnetic property framework exists for compositions up to 26 mol.% Al. Superparamagnetic behaviour gives way to stable single domain behaviour at particle sizes of 17 nm. Defect magnetic moments increase with Al content to 13.5 mol.% and then decrease, likely due to dilution by non-magnetic Al3+. Diverse room-, low-, and high-temperature magnetic properties have been reported with respect to Al content and particle size variations for Al-hematite. The Néel temperature decreases systematically with increasing Al content. Much valuable work remains to be done to document the magnetic properties of Al-hematite.
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