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34 - Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax

from Subsection 4B - Clinical – Respiratory

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 June 2025

Sharon E. Mace
Affiliation:
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Ohio
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Summary

Spontaneous pneumothoraces, which have no preceding traumatic or iatrogenic cause, are divided into two groups: primary: occurs in those with no underlying parenchymal disease, and secondary; occurs in those with underlying parenchymal disease, e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Standard erect chest radiographs (CXR) with PA and lateral views in inspiration are recommended for the diagnosis of pneumothorax. Treatment varies depending on factors such as size, symptoms and clinical stability. British Thoracic Society guidelines recommends simple needle aspiration as the first line treatment for all symptomatic primary spontaneous pneumothoraces.

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