from Part I - Understanding GenAI
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 July 2026
This chapter provides a high-level overview of the complete development and deployment process for generative AI (GenAI) language models, such as those that power systems like ChatGPT and Gemini. It begins by clarifying the distinction between a GenAI model (the core algorithm and code) and a GenAI system (the model plus all necessary infrastructure, user interface, and data management). The discussion then demystifies the technology. Large language models (LLMs) operate by calculating the statistical probability of the next word in a sequence – making them sophisticated, yet fundamentally logic-based, “next-token predictor machines” that lack true comprehension or inherent powers of judgment.
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