Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 April 2026
Using the case study of the American Petroleum Institute’s citizen mobilization efforts, this chapter explores how the largest U.S.-based oil trade group came to embrace, for the first time, a constant and preemptive mode of citizen mobilization. Through interviews with API staff and analysis of campaign materials, the chapter traces the Institute’s efforts to build a predictable support base for the industry, identifying backers ready to fight on the sector’s behalf as new issues or projects become politically controversial. This “citizen reserve” has become an influential model of mobilization, allowing oil companies to vie for short-term legislative wins and the industry’s long-term repute.
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