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Chapter 11 - Iconic Metaconformations in Language

from Part III - Iconic Dimensions and Magnitudes: The Conformation System of Authority Ranking

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2025

Alan Page Fiske
Affiliation:
University of California, Los Angeles
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Summary

Language is a symbolic system, but it is often used metarepresentationally for indexical conformations of communal sharing, iconic conformations of authority ranking, and concrete operation one-to-one correspondence conformations of equality matching. Speakers of English, Mooré, Chinese, and, apparently, Proto-Indo-European and Turkish, rely on words whose original, nonsocial-relational meaning concerns dimensions or magnitudes. There are several reasons why typological study of lexicons is illuminating with regard to conformations. Language always provides the opportunity to convergently validate the other kinds of evidence available for any society. Also, there may be conformational dimensions apparent in language that are not easily seen in other media. Language also conforms third-party relationships that are otherwise difficult to conform, and makes it possible to formulate complex ideas about conformations. Finally, language provides enormous samples of metarepresentations of conformations, permitting analyses that could not be done with the smaller available samples of conformations themselves.

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