Sainthood in the Early Modern Hispanic WorldPublished online by Cambridge University Press: 21 May 2026
Ignatius went from blessed to saint on 12 March 1622, with the Roman proclamation made by Gregory XV. Rosa De Marco has uncovered printed and manuscript newssheets of the canonization festivities throughout the world that enumerate the joy and fanfare involved in declarations of sainthood. Diarist Giacinto Gigli observed a Jesuit-led procession toward St. Peter’s held the day after the announcement: “with lit candles and surplices [cotte]: and then the Fathers of the Society of Jesus, all with surplices, and accompanied by music, raised a Standard [Stendardo] on which were likenesses of Saints Ignatius and Francis Xavier together.” Surplices are white vestments, which reach to the knees, have large sleeves, and do not need to be blessed, unlike other sacred garments. As for the festivities, recalled Gigli, they continued for more than a week at Il Gesù, the flagship church of the Society.
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