This chapter explores how translanguaging can become an integral part of our assessment practices, even in monolingual ELT contexts. Key terminology in assessment is explained simply and clearly. Assessment for learning (formative assessment) activities explored include assessing conceptual understanding, assessing through translation, assessing prior knowledge, assessing reading and listening comprehension, assessing learner performance and assessing literacy development. The current and potential role of translanguaging in assessment of learning (summative assessment) are also discussed, including ways that community and home languages can help improve the assessment validity and accuracy, the potential role of mediation and translation and ways that stress can be better managed through multilingual practices. Preparation for, administration of, and pastoral support around high-stakes summative assessment are also explored, as are continuous assessment activities, including project work and journalling. The chapter concludes with discussion of more ambitious visions of multilingual language assessment currently being explored around the world.