Twelver Shiism: Unity and Diversity in the Life of Islam, 632 to 1722

Andrew J. Newman

Charts the history and development of Twelver Shi'ism.

As many as 40 different Shi`i groups existed in the 9th and 10th centuries; only 3 forms remain. Why is Twelver Shi`ism one of them? As the established faith in modern Iran, the majority faith in Iraq and areas in the Gulf and with its adherents forming sizeable minorities elsewhere in the region, it is arguably the most successful branch of Shi'ism.

Andrew Newman charts the history Twelver Shi’ism, uncovering the development of the key distinctive doctrines and practices which ensured its survival in the face of repeated challenges. He argues that the key to the faith's endurance has been its ability to institutionalise responses to the changing, often localised circumstances in which the community has found itself, thereby remaining remarkably resilient in the face of both internal disagreements and external opposition.

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv
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Contents
pp v-viii
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Acknowledgements
pp ix-x
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Introduction
pp 1-15
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1 - Shiism fragmented: the faith and the faithful from the seventh to the ninth century
pp 16-35
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2 - Bereft of a leader: The early traditionists and the beginnings of doctrine and practice
pp 36-56
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3 - The challenge of ‘the Uncertainty’
pp 57-77
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4 - Majority and minority: rationalism on the defensive in the later Buyid period
pp 78-100
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5 - Betwixt and between: the Twelvers and the Turks
pp 101-121
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6 - The Mongol and Ilkhanid periods: the rise and limits of the school of al-Hilla
pp 122-137
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7 - The severest of challenges
pp 138-154
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8 - Shiism in the sixteenth century: the limits of power (and influence)
pp 155-176
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9 - The past rediscovered and the future assured: Shiism in the seventeenth century
pp 177-202
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Epilogue
pp 203-211
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Appendix I - Scholars by region: fifth–twelfth Islamic centuries/ eleventh–eighteenth centuries AD
pp 212-213
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Appendix II - Manuscript copies of key Twelver Shii written works, sixth–thirteenth Islamic centuries/twelfth–nineteenth centuries AD
pp 214-229
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Appendix III - Selected Safawid period rijal works
pp 230-231
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Appendix IV - Shuruh/Hawashi of key Twelver works, sixth–twelfth Islamic centuries/twelfth–eighteenth centuries AD
pp 232-241
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Bibliography
pp 242-255
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Index
pp 256-267
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Twelver Shiism

Unity and Diversity in the Life of Islam, 632 to 1722

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv

Contents
pp v-viii

Acknowledgements
pp ix-x

Introduction
pp 1-15

1 - Shiism fragmented: the faith and the faithful from the seventh to the ninth century
pp 16-35

2 - Bereft of a leader: The early traditionists and the beginnings of doctrine and practice
pp 36-56

3 - The challenge of ‘the Uncertainty’
pp 57-77

4 - Majority and minority: rationalism on the defensive in the later Buyid period
pp 78-100

5 - Betwixt and between: the Twelvers and the Turks
pp 101-121

6 - The Mongol and Ilkhanid periods: the rise and limits of the school of al-Hilla
pp 122-137

7 - The severest of challenges
pp 138-154

8 - Shiism in the sixteenth century: the limits of power (and influence)
pp 155-176

9 - The past rediscovered and the future assured: Shiism in the seventeenth century
pp 177-202

Epilogue
pp 203-211

Appendix I - Scholars by region: fifth–twelfth Islamic centuries/ eleventh–eighteenth centuries AD
pp 212-213

Appendix II - Manuscript copies of key Twelver Shii written works, sixth–thirteenth Islamic centuries/twelfth–nineteenth centuries AD
pp 214-229

Appendix III - Selected Safawid period rijal works
pp 230-231

Appendix IV - Shuruh/Hawashi of key Twelver works, sixth–twelfth Islamic centuries/twelfth–eighteenth centuries AD
pp 232-241

Bibliography
pp 242-255

Index
pp 256-267

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Twelver Shiism

Unity and Diversity in the Life of Islam, 632 to 1722

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