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3 - Vowel Reduction for a New Zealand English Speaker

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2026

Shu-hao Shih
Affiliation:
National Taiwan University
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Summary

This chapter examines vowel reduction in a New Zealand English speaker, arguing that it involves three independent processes: mora loss, feature loss, and mora restoration. The study challenges traditional accounts by showing that vowel reduction is not merely a feature change but a systematic process affecting moraicity. The speaker’s vowel system shows considerable complexity, with surface schwa types shaped by stress, moraicity, and phonological context. Notably, the speaker distinguishes between super-short, short, and long schwas, with short and long schwas alternating with super-short schwa in unstressed positions. In the speaker’s speech, unstressed vowels first lose their moras and then undergo feature loss, becoming non-moraic schwa. Some vowels undergo mora restoration, regaining moraic status in specific environments. The chapter also examines unstressed vowel alternations, showing that vowel reduction operates differently in lexical and function words. Acoustic data from experiments confirm that duration serves as a key indicator of moraic status. These findings show that vowel reduction results from interacting phonological mechanisms.

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