Published online by Cambridge University Press: 07 October 2026
In their seminal book The Empire Writes Back (1989, 1st edn), Bill Ashcroft, Gareth Griffiths and Helen Tiffin write of the determined efforts by many colonised-by-Britain writers to write back against the standardised English the coloniser has imposed on them as a means to control and subjugate them and their own respective indigenous cultures. These editors nominate such anti-colonialist, postcolonial efforts as writing in english – a deliberate lower-case oppositional ploy to the capitalised English –
One of the main features of imperial oppression is control over language. The imperial education system installs a ‘standard’ version of the metropolitan language as the norm, and marginalises all ‘variants’ as impurities ... Language becomes the medium through which a hierarchical structure of power is perpetuated, and the medium through which conceptions of ‘truth’, ‘order’, and ‘reality’ become established. Such power is rejected in the emergence of an effective post-colonial voice. (Ashcroft, Griffiths & Tiffin, 2002: 7)
One way, then, to counter the English language Hydra of ‘standardised’ English is to write back to the centre of the empire; to write against it via non-standard english.
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