The oldest civilisation on the face of the Earth can be traced to India, home to the largest democracy of our times. Fast forward five millenia, a young nation at 78 places the aortic cross clamp most of others on a per diem basis. Somewhere in between, Donald Nixon Ross, who has been interred in this great Hall of Fame [1] opined that “it is rare to know of surgeons who can perform an operation better and often, seamless than its namesake, and among the few there are, Sampath Kumar is one”. It gives us great pleasure to introduce at the time of his induction in the Paediatric Cardiology Hall of Fame, one of finest humans our profession is privileged to have – Professor Arkalgud Sampath Kumar. Kumar has earned the peerage accorded to few surgeons in our milieu for his lifelong commitment to patientcare, teaching, research and innovation – making him the definition of a quadruple threat in academic surgery. Coming from Professor Anderson, we deem it an honor to present this character-sketch of this gentleman surgeon and mentor, who has the rare distinction of expanding the horizons of paediatric cardiovascular surgical care in the public, private and philanthropic institutions, among others through this encomium.

This manuscript is a personal tribute to Professor Marc de Leval from two of his colleagues: Professor Martin J. Elliott and Professor John E. Deanfield. As stated by the authors: “Marc’s career history is presented in the accompanying eulogy from the current Heart & Lung Team at Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH), allowing us to highlight Marc’s personal qualities that made him such an inspirational colleague. … Marc was, as we have said, the cardiologist’s surgeon. He was also the surgeon’s cardiologist, bridging the two disciplines and fusing the team. He was delighted by the advent of interventional cardiology and did not see it as a threat or competition, but instead, as appropriate for the well-being of his patients. He recognised how traumatic surgery could be for patients and their families and sought to avoid it whenever possible by alternative treatments. Marc will be remembered with love and admiration by his many patients and their families, whose lives he changed. His technical skill, energy, devotion, humour, intellect and influence will be sorely missed. May he rest in peace.”

Professor Marc de Leval (16 April 1941 –26 June 2022) was a pioneer in the field of congenital cardiothoracic surgery and former chair of the British Congenital Cardiac Association [https://www.bcca-uk.org/]. Professor de Leval was appointed as a Consultant Cardiothoracic Surgeon at Great Ormond Street Hospital in 1974. Throughout his distinguished career at Great Ormond Street Hospital, he worked with dedication to improve outcomes for cardiothoracic surgery. His contribution to academic cardiothoracic surgery was significant and far-reaching with over 300 peer-reviewed publications. Of particular note was his work in improving the palliation of children with cyanotic congenital heart disease by the use of the modified Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt and his pioneering work over many years to improve understanding of the Fontan circulation using in vitro modelling and computational fluid dynamics that led to the development of the total cavopulmonary connection. His other significant contributions include the importance of analysing surgical failures, being the co-editor of the most readable textbook in our field, and so much more. During his career, he trained many eminent surgeons from around the world, and a Marc de Leval Fellowship of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery [https://www.aats.org/about-the-foundation/the-reach-of-our-programs/foundation-honoring-our-mentors-program/marc-r-de-leval-md] now allows the opportunity for a trainee to study congenital cardiac surgery in the UK or Europe. Marc is fondly remembered by the staff at Great Ormond Street Hospital. The nurses recall his arrival at the break of day on the intensive care unit, having already been for a swim, and the diligence with which he observed his patients following surgery. Former trainees remember a man who, despite his standing, always remained courteous, approachable, and kind. Professor de Leval will be remembered not only as a skilled and dedicated surgeon but also as a distinguished scholar, one with a quest for knowledge in the pursuit of excellence.

We honour a great man and a true giant. Lodewyk H.S. van Mierop (March 31, 1927 – October 17, 2021), known as Bob, was not only a Paediatric Cardiologist but also a dedicated Scientist. He made many significant and ground-breaking contributions to the fields of cardiac anatomy and embryology. He was devoted as a teacher, spending many hours with medical students, Residents, and Fellows, all of whom appreciated his regularly scheduled educational sessions. Those of us who were fortunate to know and spend time with him will always remember his great mind, his willingness to share his knowledge, and his ability to encourage spirited and fruitful discussions. His life was most productive, and he will long be remembered by many through his awesome and exemplary scientific contributions.

His legacy continues to influence the current and future generations of surgeons and all providers of paediatric and congenital cardiac care through the invaluable archive he established at University of Florida in Gainesville: The University of Florida van Mierop Heart Archive. Undoubtedly, with these extraordinary contributions to the fields of cardiac anatomy and embryology, which were way ahead of his time, Professor van Mierop was a true giant in Paediatric Cardiology. The invaluable archive he established at University of Florida in Gainesville, The University of Florida van Mierop Heart Archive, has been instrumental in teaching medical students, Residents, Medical Fellows, and Surgical Fellows. Only a handful of similar archives exist across the globe, and these archives are the true legacy of giants such as Dr. van Mierop. We have an important obligation to leave no stone unturned to continue to preserve these archives for the future generations of surgeons, physicians, all providers of paediatric and congenital cardiac care, and, most importantly, our patients.

On 15 October, 2020, Dr. Paul M. Weinberg, a true giant in the field of paediatric cardiology, succumbed to a prolonged illness. Dr. Weinberg had a 43-year career and was described as a pillar of The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the spirit of the Division of Cardiology, a cherished and beloved teacher, and an outstanding clinician. His impact on the field and on the careers of his students will be remembered for generations to come.

In 2019, Dr. Weinberg wrote for Jefferson Medical School’s 50th year reunion memory book: “In the true spirit of Hippocrates, I seek to mentor the next generation as I was mentored by the last, without expectation of reward. I am forever indebted to these educators for all the knowledge they imparted to me and for the wisdom that I acquired under their tutelage.” These words are a true reflection of his unassuming dedication to teaching the next generation of paediatric cardiologists. His legacy will continue to live on through these trainees and impact the field for generations to come.

Donald Nixon Ross, FRCS (4 October 1922 to 7 July 2014) was a South African-born British cardiothoracic surgeon, who developed the pulmonary autograft, known as the Ross procedure, for the treatment of aortic valve disease, and also performed the first heart transplant in the United Kingdom in 1968. This paper, written by Jane Somerville, Professor of Cardiology [Retired], Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, provides the personal recollections about Donald Ross from Jane Somerville, and thus provides a unique snapshot of cardiac surgical history.