Whenever possible, we also encourage authors to make all data and qualitative materials underpinning their research available to readers through an appropriate repository. If you cannot make your data publicly available due to ethical or legal concerns, please explain this in your Data Availability Statement.

Appropriate repositories are ones that provide persistent identifiers and have robust preservation policies, ensuring the long-term integrity of published research. 

Data availability

All manuscripts submitted to this journal must contain a Data Availability Statement, explaining where and how readers can access the materials underpinning the research published in the manuscript. Data Availability Statements should be placed in the back matter of your manuscript, before the References.

If your code is stored and managed in GitHub, please make use of GitHub’s integration with Zenodo to create an archive of your code at the time of manuscript submission. This ensures that other researchers can access a version of your code as it was at the time you published your research, even if you later make changes in GitHub. You will receive a Zenodo DOI so that your code can be formally cited by others.

Citing data and other materials

We encourage authors to cite any materials and data they have used in their research, alongside literature citations, to recognise the importance of all kinds of research outputs.