There is a greater prevalence of oral problems in patients suffering from severe mental illness than in the general population. The psychiatrist use to be, naturally, a health professional with great clinical influence over these patients. Do young psychiatrists in training include oral evaluations on their patients? How does this doctor perceive oral health care in the context of follow-up of people with chronic mental disorders?

To interpret the meanings of the practice or not, regarding oral health guidelines, as reported by residents in psychiatry working in care and follow-up services to patients with severe disorders at a public university.

Clinical-qualitative design. Semi-directed interviews with open-ended questions in-depth carried out with six participants. Sample closed by saturation information criterion. Residents see their patients at the General Hospital of the State University of Campinas. Interview material, audio-recorded and transcribed in full, was treated by Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis, using concepts of theoretical framework from Medical Psychology. Interviewer was a female professor of dentistry.

From the discussion, two categories of analysis were selected for this presentation. (1) medical practice obeys the natural logic of construction of paradigmatic areas: historically, dentistry has created a care model with independence from medicine; (2) dentist is not called to participate in “collusion of anonymity”. This is an expression construct by the psychoanalyst Balint to describe the taking of relevant clinical decisions, without no professional assume the responsibility for these.

These meanings may guide changes in professional conduct as well as in the curriculum of medical training programs.

No significant relationships.

Social Media (SM) have recently gained substantial popularity among youth. However, the relationship between problematic use of social media (PUSM) and psychopathology in children and adolescents remains unclear.

To study in a population of children and adolescents followed in outpatient psychiatry unit, the prevalence, and psychopathological factors linked to PUSM.

A descriptive study was led among child and adolescent’s psychiatry patients. Parents were asked to provide answers for the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL). PUSM was assessed using the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS). Mental disorders’ related data were extracted from patients’ medical records.

Our study included 76 patients with a mean age of 14.2 ± 2.6 [11,18] years and a sex-ratio of 1. The prevalence of PUSM was estimated at 9.2% in our population according to the conservative approach, rising to 48.7% according to the liberal approach. Anxiety (32.4%) and depressive disorders (24.3%) were most prevalent among patients with PUSM. BSMAS scores were significantly higher among patients with smoking habits (p=0.03). CBCL T-scores interpretation showed internalizing and externalizing disorders among 80.3% and 64.5% patients respectively. BSMAS scores were significantly higher among patients belonging to the clinical range of all the CBCL syndrome scales, except for social problems, and among patients suffering from both internalizing and externalizing disorders (p=0.005).

PUSM was shown to be more prevalent among clinical populations compared to healthy controls. Research has indicated a potential link between PIUSM and psychopathology; however, the significance of the correlation remains unclear.

No significant relationships.

Vaccination has proved to be an effective tool in decreasing infectious diseases incidence and their mortality rate. Negative public vaccine attitude can significantly undermine efforts to combat the pandemic that makes vaccine hesitancy one of the WHO main concerns

Examination of the relationships in population between vaccine attributes and COVID-19 personal experience, social and demographic characteristics

Cohort cross-sectional study of the population attitude to vaccination against coronavirus infection COVID-19 was performed online during the first 2 months of mass vaccination in Russia, using the special designed questionnaire assessing social demographic variables, COVID-19 related factors, and preferable sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines. 4977 participants in the age from 18 to 81 years were enrolled in the study to vaccination against coronavirus infection COVID-19 was performed online during the first 2 months of mass vaccination in Russia, using the special designed questionnaire assessing social demographic variables, COVID-19 related factors, and preferable sources of information about COVID-19 vaccines .

34.2% of respondents consider vaccination useful. 31.1% ‑ doubt its effectiveness. 9.9% ‑ consider vaccination unnecessary. 12.2% ‑ dangerous. indifference to vaccination was formed in 7.4% of respondents. They indicated that they do not plan to be vaccinated. 32.3%. postpones their decision until more remote data on the results and effectiveness of vaccination are obtained ‑ 34.0%. were vaccinated at the time of the study ‑ 11.6%.

Attitude towards vaccination depends on age, gender, education, fear of possible complications, coronaphobia. Young people are less focused on vaccination than middle-aged and older people.

No significant relationships.

The use of technological supports in psychotherapeutic interventions has been widespread in recent years. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the increase has been greater. The feasibility of online group interventions has been proved in previous studies. Research comparing dropout rates in group interventions with clinical population that include mindfulness training is infrequent.

To compare the difference in dropout rates between online and face-to-face mindfulness-based group interventions.

This study was carried out in a Mental Health Unit in Colmenar Viejo (Madrid, Spain). One hundred thirty-five adult patients with anxiety disorders were included in group interventions (74 face-to-face; 61 online). The group treatments were Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and a Mindfulness-based Emotional Regulation intervention, during 8 weeks, guided by two Clinical Psychology residents. A descriptive analysis of dropout rates (participants attending 3 or fewer sessions out of the total number of participants starting the intervention) was performed.

Of the 135 patients included, 8 did not participate in the interventions (5 face-to-face; 3 online), which represents a 5.93% rejection rate; 6.76% for the face-to-face intervention and 4.92% for the online intervention. Of the remaining sample (127 participants), a total dropout rate of 12.6% was obtained, with 8.69% in the face-to-face intervention versus 17.24% online.

A higher dropout rate was obtained in online interventions compared to face-to-face, with an increase of almost double. Research on specific factors that may interfere with treatment adherence to online group interventions is needed.

No significant relationships.

Various studies have reported differences in early visual processing, gain control and integration for patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). However, Oppel – Kundt (OK) illusion is not studied well enough among subjects affected by SSD. We decided to study the illusion to get more insights in visual perception for individuals with SSD.

To investigate the OK illusion manifestation among people with SSD.

In the prospective study were included 15 patients, who were diagnosed with SSD and 15 matched comparison group (CG) without any mental, neurological diseases or visual impairment. OK figures used in the experiments consisted of three white spots presented horizontally against the black background. We used 3 different types of distractor stimuli – either straight one or two-sided line or circle. Using computerized equipment in OK figures the subjects were asked to adjust the unfilled part of the stimulus to be equal in length to the filled (referential) one. ANOVA, T-test and post hoc Bonferroni correction were used for statistical analysis.

People with SSD tended to make bigger mistakes when evaluating OK figures with the statistical difference which was the most eminent for the subgroup of individuals affected by paranoid schizophrenia. The manifestation of the illusion in the SSD group was contrariwise (respectively to zero point) to the CG group.

OK illusion tended to manifest stronger for patients with SSD, this tendency was mostly expressed for the patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. The manifestation of OK illusion among persons with SSD was diametrically opposite to that seen for the healthy individuals.

No significant relationships.

As all first line options in treating First Episode Psychosis (FEP) are similarly effective there is a consensus among prescribing guidelines that clinicians and patients should consider side-effect profile as the ‘driver’ of initial choice of antipsychotic. Anecdotally it has been observed that different care teams prescribe particular medications preferentially.

To evaluate the patterns of antipsychotic prescribing in patients with FEP at the time of initial treatment and over the first year with the Early Intervention Service (EIS).

Medical records of all patients who had completed 1 year of follow-up with EIS in Sussex Partnership Foundation Trust (n=274) were reviewed. The first antipsychotic prescribed and antipsychotic prescribed at 12-months was recorded alongside initiating care team (EIS, non-EIS community services, inpatient services).

99% (n=272) of patients were prescribed an antipsychotic. 46% were initiated by inpatient serves, 40% non-EIS community services and 14% EIS. Aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone accounted for 95% of initial prescriptions. Different care teams prescribed antipsychotics preferentially (p=<0.005) (Fig.1). Rates at which initial medication was continued at 12-months varied according to initial prescription (P=<0.05) (Fig.2).

The frequency that specialist EIS services prescribed aripiprazole as initial treatment contrasts the preference for olanzapine in other services. Olanzapine has a significant metabolic side effect profile, is sedating and was least likely to be continued at 12 months. This raises questions about why non-FEP specialist services prefer olanzapine and whether EIS services can support these services around initial medication choices more likely to be continued throughout the key first year of treatment.

No significant relationships.

COVID-19 is associated with mental manifestations, Anxiety and depression appear to be common amongst people hospitalized for COVID-19.

evaluate the emotional stress resulting from infection and assess its impact on the mental health of patients who recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia.

It is a cross-sectional study, The mental health assessment tool DASS2 (Arabic version) was applied in collecting the data for the study. Demographic characteristics, chronic disease status, COVID 19 pneumonia, oxygen saturation level were recorded at the follow-up visit, soon after the psychiatric evaluation. Psychological distress was assessed An Arabic version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to assess the mental health status. Statistical analysis by (SPSS, version 25).

466 patients were consented prior to enrollment in the study, out of the total respondents; (53.2%) were females, anxiety rate was found in (18%), stress in (17%), and depression in (14%) of the patients, significantly elevated blood levels of the inflammatory marker in patients with depression and anxiety, increase in the rates of depression with male gender, increasing age and longer duration of ICU stay respectively, with non-significant p-values. There was also a small increase in the period stayed in ICU among those who developed depression and anxiety. Reduced oxygen saturation in COVID-19 patients with depression was 4 times those with no depression.

prolonged ICU stays and reduced oxygen saturation was associated with a high rate of depression in patients with COVID-19, as well as elevated levels of the inflammatory marker D-dimer with depression and anxiety.

No significant relationships.

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was classically considered a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental condition. Over the past 40 years, it became evident that it can persist during adulthood.

The purpose of the authors is to describe the characteristics of ADHD in adults and the specific comorbidities, proposing an approach to these patients.

A brief non-systematized review is presented, using the literature available on PubMed and Google Scholar.

Only 40-50% of children and adolescents with ADHD will have symptoms that persist into adulthood (estimated adult prevalence of 2.8% across 20 countries; 25% in prisons). A more subtle presentation in adults and the difficulty to access past medical history, lead to diagnosis and treatment rates of lower than 20% (versus 50% in children). Well-characterized core symptoms in children evolve into a predominance of inattention symptoms. They became adults with marked disorganization, difficulties in completing tasks and managing time. Emotional dysregulation is a very prevalent symptom in this population. The comorbidities rate increase over time (reaching 75% of patients).

Adults (or even older subjects) with cognitive and/or behavioural complaints should be submitted to systematic screening for ADHD. Non-treated ADHD symptoms in adulthood are associated with severe impairment, therefore adjustments in the health care system to support the transition from child to adult services are needed.

No significant relationships.

The extent to which social media contributes to body image dissatisfaction and lower self-esteem is currently under debate

This research seeks to study the relationship between the use of Instagram (one of the main platforms used by young people nowadays) and the degree of dissatisfaction with body image and the level of self-esteem among their younger users

A sample of 585 Spanish adults between 18 and 40 years old was used, to whom the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and the Social Comparison of Appearance Scale (PACS) were applied.

A positive correlation was observed between the frequency of use of the social network and dissatisfaction with body image and low self-esteem. In addition, it was found that content observation time significantly predicts body dissatisfaction and low self-esteem. On the other hand, the type of content both published and observed, showed no effect on any of these variables, although it has been found that the relationship between the use of the platform and the study variables seems to be mediated by the tendency of their users to compare their appearance with others.

These results invite us to reflect on the use of social networks and their impact on constructs as relevant to the person as self-esteem and body image and on how different policies should be taken into account to prevent a negative impact on the mental health of their users

No significant relationships.

We have recently validated the Portuguese shortest version of the Perinatal Depression Screening Scale-PDSS-7 (items selected from the PDSS-21; each one representing a dimension evaluated by the PDSS-35), for the assessment of depression severity in pregnancy, both in Portugal and Brazil.

To analyze the validity and reliability of the PDSS-7 Portuguese version to evaluate postpartum women both from Portugal and Brazil.

The Portuguese sample was composed of 304 women between the 2nd-6th postpartum months (Mean=20.09±7.21 weeks postpartum). These participants were not the same who participated in the psychometric study that led to the selection of the seven items. The Brazilian sample was composed of 121 women (Mean=10.51±4.53 weeks postpartum). All the participants completed the European/Brazilian Portuguese versions of PDSS-21, which was composed of the same items and included the seven items of PDSS-7. Participants also filled in the validated versions of Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale and Profile of Mood States.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed that the unidimensional model of PDSS-7 presented acceptable/good fit indexes in both samples (Portuguese/Brazilian: χ2/d.f.=2.6598/1.7897; RMSEA=.0740/.0807, CFI=.8289/.7934, TLI=.7901/.8434, GFI=.9298/.9496; p<.001). The PDSS-7 Cronbach’s alphas were of .841/.856 and all the items contributed to the internal consistency. Pearson correlations with postpartum anxiety (.646/.763) and negative affect (.666/.676) were significantly (p<.01) high. PDSS-7 mean scores were higher in the Brazilian sample (16.06±7.39 versus 11.37±4.37, p<.01).

PDSS-7 presented validity (construct and convergent), reliability and utility in clinical and research settings, including in transcultural studies, in Portugal and Brazil, namely in the postpartum.

No significant relationships.

Depressive symptoms in schizophrenia have a high prevalence – up to 20-60 %, at the different illness stages. Non-pharmacological treatment, namely rTMS, seems like a promising approach that lacks side-effects typical for antidepressants. RTMS is widely applied in the treatment of depression, however the studies within schizophrenia domain are still rather few

The aim was to examine a potential of neurophysiological data for prediction of the effects of rTMS in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia with depressive symptoms

20 male patients with schizophrenia (F20.004, F20.014, F20.414, ICD–10) were examined at the stage of incomplete remission with predominance of prolonged (more than 6 months) treatment resistant depressive symptoms. An examination (clinical and neurophysiological (oddball ERP and EEG) fragments)) was repeated twice - before and after a course of 10 Hz rTMS (left DLPC, 2000 pulses per session, 15 sessions).

Poor outcome was associated with initially higher coherence in alpha and lower - in beta1 EEG bands. The amplitudes of non-target N100 and mismatch negativity didn’t differ the groups of responders and nonresponders

The disturbances within brain networks of beta1 and alpha generators merit attention as potential neurophysiological markers with predictive value in rTMS treatment of patients with schizophrenia with depressive symptoms.

No significant relationships.

Oral health behavior is based on an acquired experience and cultural traditions. University education may smooth out cultural differences in oral health practice.

Our goal is to study self-reported oral health attitudes and behavior of university students and the cultural basis for it.

We used the English version of the Hiroshima University Dental Behavioral Inventory to carry out an online survey of 136 university students of Morocco and Russia.

Over half of the students (60.3%) do not feel anxious when visiting a dentist. Most of them take care of their gums (41.2%), teeth color (49.3%) and the degree of their cleanness (38.2%). The overwhelming majority of the students brush their each tooth very thoroughly (62.5%), they regularly examine their teeth in the mirror after brushing them (90.4%). They are well aware that tooth brushing alone cannot prevent a gum disease (63.2%), and they feel concerned about the possibility of having bad breath (73.6%). At the same time, over half of the students (61.7%) put off their visit to a dentist until they have a toothache, which is a negative behavioral factor. We did not reveal any gender or cultural differences between the students of the two countries, which can be regarded as a universalization factor of oral health behavior in young people who get higher education in universities.

The majority of the surveyed Russian and Moroccan university students have similar patterns of oral health attitudes and behavior. This assumption needs verification on a larger sample of students.

No significant relationships.

No significant relationships.

Ocular Coherence Tomography (OCT) to measure retinal thickness is the current method to observe neurological impairment in neurodegenerative diseases [1] and in mental disorders [2] due to the composition of the retina itself as an anatomic extension of the brain.There can be found some factors to improve the resilience like the years of study.

Our aim is to evaluate cognitive and clinical impairment in Bipolar Disorder and see the correlation to the retinal thinning.

Twenty-seven patients diagnosed with Bipolar Disorder were assessed in the context of the FINEXT programme (3). Selective attention, executive functions and verbal memory were measured among other variables. Using the OCT technique, we measured the thickness of the ppRNFL, the RFNL, GCL and IPL layers in the macula in both eyes through several radial segments. Partial correlations were performed with Bonferroni correction (p≤0.006) adjusted for age and academic status except for the variable years of study which was adjusted for age.

Significant direct correlations were observed between: - The study-years and the thickness of the retina in the NO and RFNL. -Selective attention and GCL and RFNL layers. -Executive function and the GCL and IPL.

We can observe some preliminar results showing a significant correlation between some layers of the retina, upper segments more frequently, and the outcomes of the neurocognitive assessment. We can see a relationship as well between years of study and the thickness of the Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer in the retina and optic nerve head, the axons of the neurons in the eye.

No significant relationships.

Megalomanic ideas in a patient with limited intellectual functioning may be due to the psychotic clinic or be the result of their disability.

This case is intended to highlight the importance of a joint approach between psychiatrists and psychologists to assess functionality before and after the psychotic episode.

34-year-old woman with no mental health history. She came to the emergency department for an episode of aggression at home. Her parents report that they have observed strange behaviour, she is more aggressive, speaks alone, changing voices and global insomnia in the last few days. Her language is incoherent and disorganised, with a long response latency. Megalomaniacal and catastrophic delusions. Possible auditory hallucinations and thought control phenomena.

During admission, antipsychotic treatment was introduced with good tolerance and response on the part of the patient. She has been distancing herself from the ideas and has become somewhat critical. A psychological evaluation was carried out with different scales that showed borderline IQ.

It is important to make a good assessment of the patient’s symptoms in order to make a differential diagnosis. In this case, it is advisable to carry out a control and follow-up, as well as a neuropsychological assessment before and after the acute episode. In addition, a multidisciplinary approach with psychologists, psychiatrists and social workers is important.

No significant relationships.

Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of severe heatwaves, storms, floods, droughts, and wildfires. These events cause widespread economic and social disruption and are undermining population health worldwide. Despite a growing literature on how climate change threatens mental health, its influence on harmful substance use has not been systematically addressed.

We propose an explanatory framework explicating the plausible links between climate change-related stressors and an increase in harmful substance use.

We critically review and synthesise literature documenting the pathways, processes and mechanisms linking climate change to increased substance use vulnerability.

Several plausible pathways link climate change to increased risk of harmful substance use worldwide. These include: (1) anxiety about the impacts of unchecked climate change, (2) destabilisation of psychosocial and economic support systems, (3) increasing rates of mental disorders, and (4) increased physical health burden. Children may face disproportionate risk due to their vulnerability to both mental disorders and substance use, particularly during adolescence. We argue that a developmental life-course perspective situated within a broader ‘systems thinking’ approach provides a coherent framework for understanding how climate change is aggravating the multiple, persistent, interacting risks that influence harmful substance use pathways.

Climate change is already undermining health and wellbeing of global populations. By inference, it is also aggravating pathway to harmful substance use. This is a critical psychosocial problem for individuals and communities alike. Conceptual and methodological work is urgently needed so that effective adaptive and preventive action can be taken.

No significant relationships.

In Denmark, about 14% of patients with depression develops treatment resistant depression (TRD) in the following year after the first hospital contact. Possible explanations for TRD include lack of adequate clinical effect of pharmacological treatment and reluctance to treatment due to unacceptable side effects. Cold water swimming (CWS), also known as winter swimming, describes swimming outdoors - mainly during the winter season in cold to ice-cold water on a regular basis. Many winter swimmers believe that exposure to cold water is beneficial for their health. However, evidence of health effects have been anecdotal or based on results from small sample-size studies. The availably studies report that winter swimming abolishes general tiredness, boosts self-esteem and improves mood and/or general well-being.

To test if it is possible for patients with depression to participate in two weekly sessions of CWS and to measure the effects of CWS on general well-being and depression among the participating patients.

All psychiatric in- and outpatients from the department of psychiatry at Little Belt Hospital, Vejle with a diagnose of depression are eligible for inclusion. CWS-sessions will include a dip in an inlet - and if desired a short swim for a few minutes – depending on individual preferences. The CWS sessions will take place at the local inlet at a recreational area with sauna and changing facilities available.

The study starts in October 2021 and we expect to have results by April 2022.

Conclusion: Awaiting.

No significant relationships.

Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe mental disorder with a high genetic load, in which is relevant to identify potential differences in affective temperaments between both diagnostic subtypes.

To find differences between BDI and BDII patients in affective temperaments evaluated by Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego TEMPS-A.

A sample of 407 euthymic patients with diagnosis of bipolar disorder type I (BDI= 307) or type II (BDII= 100) according to DSM-IV-TR criteria being age 18 or older was recruited from the Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. Five affective temperaments were evaluated using the TEMPS-A. It was initially verified that the scores of these temperaments do not fulfil the assumption of normality by means of tests. Differences in means were estimated using Mann-Whitney U and Chi square tests (p <0.05) as appropriate, and ANCOVA controlling the effect of confounding variables.

Data revealed that patients with BD II had significantly higher scores in four affective temperaments: dysthymic, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious compared to BDI. After controlling the most relevant moderating variables, BDII patients continued to show higher scores in irritable temperament .

BDII patients present a more irritable temperament than BDI (p=0,037), which can affect the course and management of the disease. It could be suggested that presenting higher scores of these temperaments could be associated with BDII and further studies are needed to replicate this finding since it might help the clinicians in early phases to guide in the diagnostic process.

No significant relationships.

Previous reviews reported an association between Turner Syndrome (TS) and a profile of deficits in some neurocognitive domains (visual-spatial domains, mathematics, and executive functions: cognitive flexibility, working memory, cognitive inhibition, and problem solving), although pointing out individual variability.

To describe the neuropsychological profile of a patient with diagnosis of TS and psychosocial difficulties attended at the Service of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Mental Health at La Paz University Hospital (Madrid).

A descriptive study is conducted on a single case of a 11-year-old woman with diagnosis of TS attended by a clinical psychologist at a child-adolescent Mental health center for social, family and academic difficulties. Neuropsychological assessment was completed in October, 2021. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Five Edition (WISC-V) and Neuropsychological Assessment of Executive Functions in Children (ENFEN) batteries were administered.

The full-scale intelligence quotient was observed in the normal range, with lower scores in non-verbal tasks. Deficits (range from z = -2.00 to -1.75) were observed in tests of working memory, processing speed and complex problem-solving tasks. The results showed great variability in other executive functioning tasks (selective attention tasks: from z = -1.75 to -0.75; and cognitive flexibility tasks: from z = -2.25 to 0.25).

The neurocognitive profile described in the literature was partially consistent with the results obtained in this study. The neuropsychological assessment can support the elucidation of clinical diagnostic and therapeutic factors in TS patients with relevant psychosocial or cognitive difficulties.

No significant relationships.

Numerous studies have documented high rates of functional impairment among bipolar disorder patients, even during phases of euthymia.

To study different domains of functioning impairment in bipolar patients during euthymic phase.

A cross-sectional and descriptive study of 78 patients followed for bipolar disorder, during euthymia, at the psychiatric outpatient clinic at CHU Hédi Chaker in Sfax. We used a socio-demographic and clinical data sheet and the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) to assess functionning : A functional impairment was retained for a total FAST score > 11.

The average age was 36.27 years, the sex ratio was 5.5. Bipolar I disorder was diagnosed in 88.5% of patients. The mean age of onset was 27.73 years, and the mean duration of illness was 8.4 years. *The mean total score at the FAST was 22.23. *Functioning was altered on 69.2% of patients. *The occupational and the cognitive functioning were the two most altered domains in our population (respective mean scores : 8.69 and 5.74). *Autonomy was altered on 17.9% of patients. *Occupationnal functioning was altered on 76.9% of patients. *Cognitive functioning was altered on 70.5% of patients. *Financial issues were observed on 34.6% of patients. *Interpersonal relationships were altered on 41% of patients. *Leisure time difficulties were present with 24.4% of patients.

This work has focused on the very high frequency of functional handicap in euthymic bipolar patients. Thus, several measures must be put in place to prevent or mitigate the negative effects of the impaired functioning on these patients.

No significant relationships.