Adolescence is a period characterized by several physical and psychological changes that influence body image. Body dissatisfaction appears to be associated with excessive smartphone use, as it promotes social comparison and search for others’ validation. Moreover, smartphone dependence has several characteristics that are like other addictions, being adolescents with low self-esteem and particularly vulnerable to its dependence.

The present work aimed to understand the relationship between smartphone dependence, body dissatisfaction, and self-esteem in adolescents from Coimbra.

259 adolescents (59.85% girls), aged 12.93±1.161, answered some demographic questions and the Portuguese versions of the Mobile Phone Dependence Test, the Contour Drawing Rating Scale, and of the Rosemberg Self Esteem Scale. A cross-sectional, observational and correlational study was conducted in two schools of Coimbra. To analyse the different variables, a descriptive analysis, comparison tests and Pearson correlation were used.

47.70% of the girls and 29.80% of the boys wanted to have a small figure (wanted to be thinner). Body dissatisfaction was noticeably prevalent in our female sample [Boys - Real Image: 5.14 ±1.178 vs. Desired Image: 5.05 ± 0.805 t (103) = 0.928; p= 0.356] vs. [Girls - Real Image: 3.84 ±1.618 vs. Desired Image 3,26 ± 1,305 t (154) = 4.516; p< 0.001]. In girls, phone dependence was associated with lower self-esteem (r=-0.302, p<0.001); and higher body dissatisfaction (r=0.215, p=0.007). In boys, phone dependence was associated with lower self-esteem (r=-0.515, p<0.001). Furthermore, in both genders, self-esteem was negatively correlated with the phone dependence dimensions: abstinence (Boys: -0.432, p<0.001; Girls: -0.239, p=0.003), excessive use (Boys: -0.420, p<0.001; Girls: -0.296, p<0.001), and tolerance (Boys: -0.496, p<0.001; Girls: -0.284, p<0.001). In boys, self-esteem was negatively correlated with economic problems too (Boys: -0.328, p<0.001).

The results emphasize the importance of understanding the risks associated with smartphone problematic use in adolescence, particularly its impact on body satisfaction and psychological health. In conclusion, intervention strategies focused on the literacy on adequate smartphone use, the improvement of self-esteem and body acceptance will be crucial to promote a healthier development of adolescents.

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Pathological gambling represents one of the more prevalent health disorders associated with addictive behaviors. It exerts a considerable impact on an individual’s social functioning, community integration, and economic stability. Studies indicate that early exposure to gambling is correlated with increased frequency of gambling behavior, a more severe clinical presentation, and more pronounced negative consequences. In addition, the widespread availability and accessibility of betting shops play a significant role in both the earlier onset of gambling and the intensification of its adverse effects. Serbia currently ranked second in the number of betting shops per capita.

The objective of this study is to highlight the importance of sociodemographic factors with earlier onset of gambling and their impact on the course and consequences of the disease itself.

This retrospective study was conducted in December 2023. Data was collected from the Special Hospital for Addiction Disorder in Belgrade, Serbia and included 200 patients who were on treatment in the hospital from January 2022 to June 2023. Statistical analyses included the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression.

Of the total of 200 patients, 97.5% were male, with the most common age range being 20 to 40 years. The results of this study showed that male gender (χ2 = 16.6, p = 0.002) and younger age (χ2 = 105.6, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with earlier onset of gambling. The establishment of emotional connections (χ2 = 28.6, p = 0.005) and the use of psychoactive substances (χ2 = 20.7, p = 0.008) also show a statistically significant association with an earlier onset of gambling. Early onset of gambling has also been shown to be a significant predictor of the emergence of suicidal ideation as well as suicidal attempts themselves.(χ2 = 15.9, p = 0.043). Substance use was further correlated with alcohol consumption (χ2 = 7.1, p = 0.029), suicidal thoughts (χ2 = 100.1, p < 0.001), and suicide attempts (χ2 = 99.9, p < 0.001). Older participants were more likely to report gambling expenditures disproportionate to their income (χ2 = 23.5, p = 0.023)

The study showed that more frequent and earlier onset of gambling is associated with male youth as well as younger generations. The use of psychoactive substances is one of the key factors that makes the earlier onset of gambling more difficult than the development of the disease. Future research is necessary to clarify the specific predictors and risk factors that influence both the onset and the progression of gambling-related disorders.

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Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a central nervous system depressant with high abuse potential, often used recreationally for its euphoric and disinhibitory effects. Chronic use may lead to tolerance, dependence, and a severe withdrawal syndrome, which can resemble alcohol or benzodiazepine withdrawal but often presents with faster onset and greater medical risk. Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial.

To describe a case of GHB dependence and acute withdrawal, highlighting diagnostic challenges, clinical course, and therapeutic interventions.

Case report of a young adult with a history of recreational GHB use, admitted to the psychiatric emergency unit due to agitation, confusion, and autonomic symptoms after abrupt cessation. Clinical data were obtained through direct assessment, collateral history, and medical chart review. Treatment strategies included pharmacological stabilization, monitoring of vital signs, and supportive interventions.

The patient presented with acute withdrawal symptoms within hours of last GHB intake, including tremor, diaphoresis, hypertension, agitation, anxiety, and episodes of disorientation. High-dose benzodiazepines were required for symptom control, with gradual clinical stabilization over several days. Adjunctive medications were necessary to address residual insomnia and anxiety. Psychoeducation regarding relapse risk and long-term consequences of GHB use was provided, and referral to an addiction treatment program was arranged.

GHB withdrawal constitutes a psychiatric and medical emergency that can mimic other withdrawal syndromes but requires rapid recognition and aggressive benzodiazepine-based management. Long-term care should combine pharmacological strategies for acute stabilization with psychosocial interventions to reduce relapse risk. This case underscores the importance of awareness among clinicians due to increasing prevalence of GHB use in nightlife and high-risk populations.

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Pathological gambling disorder (PGD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by a loss of control over betting behavior, associated with dysfunctions in the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), are frequently used to treat psychiatric comorbidities in these patients. However, their effects on impulsivity and compulsive behavior remain controversial. While some studies suggest a beneficial effect in reducing compulsivity, others indicate a possible exacerbation of impulsivity, potentially increasing the risk of pathological gambling.

To conduct a narrative literature review on the impact of antidepressants on pathological gambling behavior, discussing possible neurobiological mechanisms involved and implications for clinical management.

A narrative search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, including studies published between 2015 and 2024. The review analyzed research addressing the impact of SSRIs, SNRIs, and dopaminergic antidepressants on PGD, as well as their effects on impulsivity regulation and inhibitory control.

Evidence suggests that SSRIs, such as fluoxetine and sertraline, may reduce compulsivity by modulating serotonergic neurotransmission and its interaction with the prefrontal cortex. However, their impact on impulsivity is variable, possibly due to the complex interaction between the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems within the reward circuitry. SNRIs and dopaminergic antidepressants, such as bupropion, have been associated with increased impulsivity in some studies, potentially exacerbating risk-taking behavior. The presence of psychiatric comorbidities, such as major depressive disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), may influence treatment response, highlighting the need for a personalized approach.

The effect of antidepressants on pathological gambling is not yet fully understood and may vary depending on the patient’s neurobiological profile and the class of medication used. Clinical management should consider individual differences and the presence of comorbidities, avoiding pharmacological strategies that may increase impulsivity. Future studies should further explore the underlying mechanisms of this relationship and guide more effective therapeutic approaches.

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Chest pain in psychiatric inpatients often raises concern for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), particularly in those with alcohol use disorder, where somatic complaints and cardiological risks are common. Yet not all such pain reflects myocardial ischemia. Beyond the well-known “holiday heart syndrome,” rare conduction anomalies like Lown–Ganong–Levine (LGL) syndrome may appear with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Alcohol withdrawal, marked by autonomic overactivity, can further unmask these arrhythmias and complicate the clinical picture.

To demonstrate how alcohol withdrawal can mimic acute coronary syndrome and unmask rare conduction abnormalities such as LGL syndrome, emphasizing the importance of careful ECG interpretation in psychiatric settings.

Clinical observation of a 49-year-old inpatient undergoing alcohol withdrawal. The patient was assessed through physical examination, continuous monitoring of vital signs, and standard 12-lead electrocardiography. Supportive care was provided within a psychiatric ward setting, with cardiological consultation available if symptoms worsened.

Electrocardiography revealed a short PQ interval (<120 ms), narrow QRS complexes, and no delta wave, consistent with a LGL conduction pattern. The episode was interpreted as a paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia most likely triggered by autonomic flux during withdrawal. Symptoms subsided spontaneously with supportive care, without need for acute pharmacological or invasive intervention. An electrophysiological study would be required for definitive confirmation of the LGL syndrome.

This case illustrates how chest pain in psychiatric patients can easily be misinterpreted. In alcohol withdrawal, autonomic storm not only produces somatic sensations mimicking ACS but can also reveal pre-existing conduction anomalies. Misreading such ECG patterns as ischemic changes could unnecessarily prompt transfer to intensive care or invasive procedures. Previous reports in the literature have described arrhythmias unmasked by withdrawal, yet this remains under-recognized in psychiatric settings. Importantly, LGL syndrome may be overlooked because its ECG findings are subtle and may resemble normal variants. Differentiation from other pre-excitation syndromes, particularly Wolff–Parkinson–White, is essential to avoid misclassification. Careful ECG interpretation and awareness of such rare conditions can prevent misdiagnosis and reduce risk for the patient.Image 1:

Even the possible presence of conduction abnormalities must be considered in psychiatric contexts, both to guide monitoring and to avoid misdiagnosis and harm. This case underscores the need for collaboration between psychiatry and cardiology in the management of alcohol withdrawal, ensuring that uncommon but clinically relevant conduction anomalies are not missed.

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Childhood traumatic experiences (CTEs) are highly prevalent among people with substance use disorders (SUDs). Most inpatient programmes screen for “any trauma,” but different trauma domains (emotional, physical, sexual, general) may have distinct implications for treatment retention. Clarifying which domains predict non-completion could make trauma-informed care more targeted and effective.

1. 1) To test whether specific CTE domains differentially predict completion of inpatient SUD treatment.

2. 2) To compare the predictive value of a binary “any-CTE” screen versus domain-level screening.

3. 3) To explore whether risk-behaviour burden and admission anxiety/depression contribute to adherence.

We conducted a cross-sectional study of consecutive inpatients at the Centre for the Treatment of Drug Addiction, University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana (13 January 2020–31 May 2021). During week 1, participants completed the Early Traumatic Inventory Self Report – Short Form, Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test, and Zung Anxiety/Depression. Urine toxicology and hepatitis C virus serology were obtained; chart data captured comorbidities. The primary outcome was adherence, defined as completion of inpatient treatment according to the mutually agreed plan (yes/no). Associations between predictors and adherence were examined using multivariable logistic regression (p<0.05). Sample: N=217 (23.5% women; mean age 36±7 years).

CTEs were common (78.8%). A binary “any-CTE” indicator did not predict adherence. In domain-level analyses, emotional CTE independently predicted lower odds of completion (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.30–0.90, p=0.019), whereas general, physical, and sexual CTEs were not significant. Reporting a protective adult at the time of trauma (30.4%) was not associated with adherence (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.42–1.35, p=0.339). Although CTEs correlated with a higher count of risk behaviours (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.17–1.57, p<0.001), risk-behaviour counts themselves did not predict adherence (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.91–1.11, p=0.897). Admission anxiety and depressive symptoms showed no significant associations with adherence after adjustment.

Retention risk in inpatient SUD care appears specifically linked to emotional childhood trauma rather than global trauma exposure, risk-behaviour burden, or baseline anxiety/depression. Routine domain-level trauma screening, flagging emotional CTE, could provide actionable “retention signals” to trigger early, individualized supports (e.g., enhanced alliance-building, stabilization, trauma-focused interventions). Prospective evaluations should test whether embedding such domain-level flags into admission workflows improves completion rates and post-discharge outcomes.

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While smartphones are indispensable tools for communication and medical knowledge access, excessive use may impair occupational performance.

To evaluate the effect of smartphone addiction on overall work performance, among medical residents.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 429 residents using the SAS-SV to measure smartphone addiction and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) to assess task performance, contextual performance, and counterproductive behaviors. Comparative analyses were performed between addicted and non-addicted residents.

Residents classified as addicted to smartphones (49.9%) showed significantly lower global work performance (2.88 ± 0.48 vs. 3.04 ± 0.50, p<0.001) compared with their non-addicted peers. Addiction was strongly associated with higher counterproductive behaviors (2.66 ± 0.89 vs. 2.30 ± 0.72, p<0.001). However, no significant differences were observed for task (p=0.070) or contextual performance (p=0.966).

Smartphone addiction appears to undermine overall professional performance primarily by increasing maladaptive behaviors rather than directly affecting task or contextual performance. Residency programs should incorporate preventive strategies and awareness sessions on problematic smartphone use to maintain efficiency and quality of care.

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Personality traits influence professional performance, yet their impact may be distorted by behavioral addictions.

To determine whether smartphone addiction mediates the relationship between personality traits and work performance among medical residents.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2025 among 429 Tunisian medical residents. Personality was assessed with the BFI-20, smartphone addiction with SAS-SV, and performance with IWPQ. Mediation models using hierarchical linear regression estimated indirect effects.

Conscientiousness was a strong positive predictor of job performance (β=0.488, p<0.001). However, smartphone addiction significantly mediated the effects of extraversion (indirect effect β=–0.219, p<0.001) and neuroticism (β=–0.161, p<0.001) on performance. While these traits were directly associated with higher performance, their benefits were partly offset when residents exhibited problematic smartphone use.

Smartphone addiction acts as a mediating pathway, attenuating the positive effects of certain personality traits on performance. Targeted interventions to reduce smartphone overuse could preserve the beneficial influence of personality on residents’ occupational efficiency.

None Declared

Social media platforms have become central to communication and networking among healthcare trainees. However, their excessive use may lead to addictive behaviors that compromise professional performance.

To assess the association between social media addiction and professional performance.

A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2025 among 429 residents across four Tunisian medical faculties. Social media addiction was assessed using the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), while work performance was measured by the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ). Comparative analyses between addicted and non-addicted residents were conducted.

Social media addiction was observed in 25.6% of residents. Addicted residents demonstrated significantly poorer performance across all IWPQ dimensions. Task performance was lower (2.31 ± 0.80 vs. 2.68 ± 0.77, p<0.001), contextual performance was reduced (2.62 ± 0.82 vs. 2.86 ± 0.80, p=0.007), and counterproductive behaviors were higher (2.72 ± 0.91 vs. 2.40 ± 0.78, p=0.001). Overall performance scores were significantly lower among addicts (2.73 ± 0.49 vs. 3.04 ± 0.48, p<0.001).

Social media addiction exerts a pronounced negative effect on work performance. These results underline the importance of addressing social media overuse in residency programs to protect both professional efficiency and quality of patient care.

None Declared

Neuroticism is traditionally viewed as a maladaptive trait associated with poorer occupational outcomes. However, its role may be more complex in high-stress environments such as residency training.

To explore both direct and indirect effects of neuroticism on job performance, with a focus on the mediating role of digital addiction among residents.

A cross-sectional analysis of 429 Tunisian residents was conducted. Neuroticism was measured with the BFI-20, performance with IWPQ, smartphone addiction with the SAS-SV, and social media addiction with the BSMAS. Mediation models assessed direct and indirect effects.

Neuroticism was positively associated with overall job performance (β=0.268, p<0.001) and inversely correlated with counterproductive behaviors (r=–0.214, p<0.001). However, indirect pathways revealed detrimental effects through smartphone addiction (β=–0.161, p<0.001) and social media addiction (β=–0.253, p<0.001), both of which undermined performance.

Neuroticism emerges as a paradoxical trait: it may foster vigilance and enhance performance directly, while simultaneously heightening susceptibility to digital addiction that diminishes its advantages. These findings highlight the need to account for both adaptive and maladaptive pathways when examining personality traits in occupational contexts.

None Declared

Extraversion and agreeableness are often associated with positive professional outcomes, such as teamwork and communication skills. However, in the digital era, these socially oriented traits may predispose residents to problematic smartphone and social media use, potentially undermining work performance.

To investigate whether extraversion and agreeableness influence work performance directly and indirectly through vulnerability to smartphone and social media addiction.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2025 among 429 Tunisian medical residents. Personality was assessed using the Big Five Inventory-20 (BFI-20), digital addiction with the Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version (SAS-SV) and the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and job performance with the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ). Mediation models tested the indirect effects of extraversion and agreeableness on performance via digital addiction.

Both extraversion and agreeableness were directly associated with higher performance scores (p<0.001). However, mediation analyses revealed significant indirect negative effects through digital addiction. Extraversion reduced performance via smartphone addiction (β=–0.219, p<0.001) and social media addiction (β=–0.302, p<0.001). Similarly, agreeableness indirectly reduced performance through increased vulnerability to digital overuse (β=–0.298, p<0.001).

Extraversion and agreeableness, while beneficial in professional interactions, paradoxically increase susceptibility to digital addiction, which diminishes their positive impact on job performance. Residency programs should promote awareness of these risks and provide tools for balanced digital use among socially oriented individuals.

None Declared

Personality characteristics are well-established determinants of professional functioning.

To investigate the relationships between Big Five personality traits and job performance in medical residents and identify which traits are strongest predictors of professional outcomes.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 429 residents. Personality traits were measured using the Big Five Inventory-20 (BFI-20) and work performance using the IWPQ. Pearson’s correlations and regression analyses were applied.

Conscientiousness was strongly correlated with global performance (r=0.488, p<0.001) and negatively with counterproductive behaviors (r=–0.159, p<0.001). Neuroticism showed an unexpected positive correlation with global performance (r=0.268, p<0.001) and negatively with counterproductive behaviors (r=–0.214, p<0.001). Extraversion, agreeableness, and openness also displayed significant but moderate positive associations with performance (p<0.001).

Personality traits, especially conscientiousness, are key predictors of residents’ work performance. Interestingly, neuroticism appeared to enhance vigilance and performance in this context. These findings support the relevance of integrating personality assessment into residency training and occupational health monitoring.

None Declared

Digital addiction among medical residents may compromise both professional efficiency and psychological well-being. Understanding its occupational health implications is essential for designing preventive strategies.

To assess the occupational health implications of digital addiction among medical residents and examine its impact on work performance and psychosocial well-being.

A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2025 among 429 residents from Tunisia’s four medical faculties. Data included personality traits (BFI-20), smartphone and social media addiction (SAS-SV, BSMAS), and work performance (IWPQ). Associations and mediation models were analyzed.

Conscientiousness was the strongest predictor of high work performance (β=0.488, p<0.001). However, its protective role was significantly attenuated by social media addiction (indirect effect β=–0.141, p=0.002). Nearly half of residents were addicted to smartphones and one in four to social media, with addiction linked to lower performance and higher counterproductive behaviors.

Digital addiction represents an emerging occupational health risk in residency training. Preventive interventions—such as digital hygiene workshops, smartphone-free clinical environments, and psychosocial support—are needed to protect residents’ performance and well-being. Integrating these measures into occupational health policies could help sustain efficiency and patient safety.

None Declared

Digital technologies have profoundly transformed medical practice, yet problematic use of smartphones and social media is increasingly recognized as an addictive disorder. Medical residents, exposed to heavy workloads and psychosocial stressors, may be particularly vulnerable.

To estimate the prevalence of smartphone and social media addiction and identify associated sociodemographic, academic, and health-related determinants among Tunisian medical residents.

A national cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2025 among 429 residents from the four medical faculties in Tunisia. Data were collected via an anonymous online questionnaire including the Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version (SAS-SV), the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), and sociodemographic, academic, and health-related variables. Associations were explored using bivariate analyses and logistic regression models.

Almost half of the residents (49.9%) met the criteria for smartphone addiction, while 25.6% were addicted to social media. Mean daily smartphone use exceeded five hours, with social networking as the leading motivation (59.2%). Female gender (OR=2.1; 95%CI [1.4–3.1]; p<0.001) and psychiatric history (OR=2.5; 95%CI [1.4–4.4]; p=0.001) were significantly associated with digital addiction. Residents in family medicine were more prone to social media addiction (p=0.004).

Digital addiction is highly prevalent among Tunisian medical residents, particularly among women and those with prior psychiatric disorders. These findings highlight the importance of implementing early screening, targeted awareness initiatives, and digital hygiene interventions specifically adapted to the context of residency training programs.

None Declared

Individual personality profiles may predispose residents to problematic smartphone and social media use. This study examined associations between Big Five personality traits and digital addiction.

To examine the associations between Big Five personality traits and susceptibility to smartphone and social media addiction in medical residents.

A cross-sectional analysis of 429 Tunisian medical residents was conducted. Personality was assessed using the BFI-20, smartphone addiction via the SAS-SV, and social media addiction with the BSMAS. Bivariate analyses compared trait scores between addicts and non-addicts.

Residents addicted to smartphones had significantly lower conscientiousness (2.98 ± 0.64 vs. 3.34 ± 0.60, p<0.001) and neuroticism (2.67 ± 0.51 vs. 2.88 ± 0.54, p<0.001). Similar patterns were observed for social media addiction, with lower conscientiousness (2.76 ± 0.62 vs. 3.30 ± 0.59, p<0.001) and neuroticism (2.56 ± 0.54 vs. 2.85 ± 0.51, p<0.001). Extraversion, openness, and agreeableness showed no consistent associations.

Low conscientiousness and emotional stability appear to increase susceptibility to digital addiction among residents. These findings emphasize the need to consider personality-driven vulnerabilities when designing preventive and support interventions for young physicians.

None Declared

The widespread use of social media among young physicians raises concerns about its impact on professional efficiency. This study examined whether social media addiction mediates the relationship between personality traits and job performance.

To evaluate the mediating role of social media addiction in the relationship between personality traits and professional performance in medical residents.

A total of 429 medical residents completed three standardized questionnaires: the BFI-20, assessing five personality traits; the BSMAS, measuring social media addiction; and the IWPQ, evaluating work performance across task performance, contextual performance, and counterproductive behavior. Mediation models tested whether personality traits indirectly influenced work performance through social media addiction.

Social media addiction significantly reduced the positive effects of several personality traits on job performance. Indirect effects were strongest for extraversion (β=–0.302, p<0.001) and openness (β=–0.296, p<0.001). Conscientiousness, normally a strong predictor of higher performance, was also weakened by social media addiction (β=–0.141, p=0.002).

Social media addiction systematically undermines the protective role of personality traits on professional outcomes. Addressing excessive use of social networks is crucial for maintaining the benefits of personality resources in residency training.

None Declared

There is growing evidence that motivational biases in alcohol-dependent (AD) individuals may contribute to the persistence of addictive behaviour. One such mechanism is the Pavlovian Bias – the automatic approach of rewards and avoidance of punishment – which can significantly impact intentional choices. However, evidence is still limited on whether such biases extend to non-substance-related contexts.

This study aimed to test whether AD patients display stronger Pavlovian Biases than healthy controls (HC), with a specific focus on performance in incongruent conditions such as NoGo-to-Win.

We investigated 26 AD patients and 26 HC using a motivational monetary Go/No-Go task. Task design orthogonally manipulated action (Go vs. No-Go) and outcome valence (reward vs. punishment), resulting in congruent (Go-to-Win, NoGo-to-Avoid) and incongruent (Go-to-Avoid, NoGo-to-Win) conditions. Accuracy and Go probabilities were analysed across groups and blocks using mixed-effects models.

Across groups, participants showed a Pavlovian Bias with more Go responses in reward trials. In task block 2, AD individuals committed significantly more inappropriate Go responses in No-Go trials than controls, particularly under reward conditions, suggesting stronger approach tendencies and reduced inhibitory control. While healthy controls improved their performance in motivationally incongruent trials over time, patients adapted less. In the second task block, AD individuals were significantly less accurate across conditions.

These findings suggest impaired goal-directed control and heightened automatic response tendencies in alcohol dependence, particularly under motivational conflict. This may reflect reduced feedback sensitivity and impaired cognitive control, pointing to broader mechanisms that sustain maladaptive behaviour beyond substance-specific contexts.

None Declared

Cannabis use among adolescents is a phenomenon that has increased in recent years, raising concern within the scientific and medical communities due to its potential neuropsychological effects. During adolescence, the brain is still developing, making it particularly vulnerable to psychoactive substances such as cannabis.

1. 1. To analyze the possible neuropsychological consequences of early cannabis use, focusing on the adolescent population.

2. 2. To study the brain regions involved in these behavioral and psychological alterations.

A narrative literature review was conducted to synthesize current evidence regarding the neuropsychological effects of cannabis use in adolescent and young populations and to contextualize a related clinical case. Literature searches were performed in PubMed and Google Scholar using the keywords “cannabis,” “adolescents,” “young,” “neuropsychology,” “neuroimaging,” and “effects.” No publication date restrictions were applied. Studies were included if they examined neuropsychological, cognitive, neuroimaging, or other relevant effects associated with cannabis exposure in adolescents or young individuals. Studies focusing exclusively on adult populations or on non-neuropsychological variables were excluded.

A total of fifteen relevant publications meeting inclusion criteria were selected and critically appraised. Findings were integrated qualitatively to identify convergent evidence, methodological limitations, and implications for neuropsychological assessment and clinical interpretation in the context of adolescent cannabis use.

Cannabis use during adolescence is associated with deficits in social cognition, executive control, and attention problems. Additionally, it impacts inhibitory control, working memory, and processing speed compared to non-users. These deficits may persist even after abstinence. Neuroimaging evidence indicates that cannabis use alters activation in prefrontal and cingulate regions, disrupting networks involved in executive, inhibitory, and emotional control. Reduced activation in frontal and cingulate areas is associated with poorer inhibition, working memory, and emotion regulation, while increased posterior cingulate connectivity relates to subjective “high” sensations. These findings suggest functional reorganization of neural circuits underlying cognitive control in cannabis users.

This review highlights that cannabis use during adolescence can significantly impact neuropsychological development, affecting cognitive functions such as memory, attention, and social cognition, among others. Early detection and preventive strategies are emphasized to mitigate long-term effects. It is crucial to continue research and raise awareness about the associated risks, promoting prevention and support programs for this vulnerable population.

None Declared

Cannabis use among migrants with psychiatric disorders is often accompanied by other substance consumption. Understanding these associations and their interrelations is essential for designing effective prevention and intervention strategies.

To explore the characteristics of cannabis use and associations with other substance use in a population of migrants hospitalized in psychiatry.

A cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted among patients hospitalized in the Psychiatry “C” Department of Hédi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax. Participants had previously lived abroad and experienced the onset of psychiatric disorders during their stay. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, migration history, cannabis use, and use of other substances, as well as involvement in drug-related activities.

A total of 39 male immigrants participated in the study. The mean age was 35.9 years. The most frequently identified diagnosis was schizophrenia (35.9%), followed by bipolar disorder (28.2% of cases). Among the participants, 69.2% reported using cannabis during their stay abroad. The mean age of first cannabis use was 19.2 years, and for 55.6% of users, consumption began before migration. All cannabis users reported using the substance before the onset of psychiatric disorders.

Nearly half of the users (48.1%) reported daily consumption. The most commonly reported effect sought was anxiety reduction (51.9%). Cannabis was consumed in the form of joints in all cases, and 55.6% of participants used it alone. In addition to cannabis, participants reported using other substances such as cocaine at 28,2%, ecstasy at 12.8%, pregabalin at 10.3 %, and heroin at 7.7%.

Additionally, 35.9% reported involvement in drug trafficking, motivated essentially by financial difficulties.

Cannabis use was significantly associated with tobacco use (p = 0.024), cocaine consumption (p = 0.008), and other psychoactive substances consumption (p = 0.001).

Cannabis use among migrants with psychiatric disorders is closely linked to other substance use. These findings underline the need for comprehensive addiction assessment and integrated intervention strategies that address multiple substances and behavioral risks in this vulnerable population.

None Declared

Precarious living conditions during migration represent a major stress factor that can promote substance use. Among migrants with psychiatric disorders, this relationship remains poorly explored.

This study aims to assess the association between living conditions abroad and cannabis use.

This cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted among patients hospitalized in the Psychiatry “C” Department of Hédi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax. The study population included individuals who had previously lived abroad and whose psychiatric disorder began during their stay in a foreign country. Data collection took place between August and December 2024.

A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data, as well as information related to migration and cannabis use.

A total of 39 male immigrants participated in the study. The mean age was 35.9 years. Among them, 28.2% were married and 20.1% had children.

Overall, 69.2% reported using cannabis during their stay abroad. The average duration of stay abroad was 82.6 months, and the mean age at migration was 22.5 years. In total, 69.2% had traveled illegally, 64.1% did not obtain legal status, and 46.2% were deported to their country of origin.

Financial difficulties were reported by 76.9% of participants, and 30.8% experienced homelessness during their stay. Only 30.8% had migrated with a family member.

Cannabis use was significantly associated with being single (p = 0.014), having no children (p = 0.043), irregular migration (p = 0.019), homelessness in the host country (p = 0.044), and migrating alone or with a friend (p = 0.014).

Migratory stress and adverse living conditions as well as personal factors such as being single and having no children are key vulnerability factors in cannabis use among migrants with psychiatric disorders. These findings highlight the importance of an integrated care approach addressing both psychosocial context and migratory background.

None Declared