Objectives/Goals: To determine the role of carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) in signaling cascade and interaction with other cell surface proteins in human epithelial solid tumors such pancreatic adenocarcinoma and colon cancer Methods/Study Population: In this study, we employed three-dimensional (3D) tumor models to replicate the in vivo tumor microenvironment better, allowing for a more accurate assessment of cellular responses compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures. We used immunoprecipitate to pull down the CEACAM6 protein and investigate the integrins expression level. Results/Anticipated Results: The expression and functional activity of CEACAM6 are susceptible to modulation by various surface proteins, leading to notable alterations in cellular behavior. Integrins, particularly Integrin B4, are one such protein whose expression is influenced by CEACAM6-mediated intracellular signaling cascades, suggesting a complex interplay that enhances CEACAM6 activation.The 3D models facilitate cell–cell interactions, enabling tumor cells to proliferate and undergo metabolic changes that reflect actual tumor biology. Thereby enhancing the relevance of crosstalk between CEACAM6 and integrins. These findings underscore the potential of CEACAM6 as a promising therapeutic target. They reveal a molecular mechanism that could inform the development of innovative therapeutic strategies in cancer. Discussion/Significance of Impact: These findings underscore the potential of CEACAM6 as a promising therapeutic target, revealing a novel molecular mechanism that could inform the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for pancreatic and colon cancer and potentially other malignancies.

Objectives/Goals: This study evaluates whether BT2-mediated reduction of branched-chain amino acids enhances cognitive performance and alters cortical gene expression in transgenic Alzheimer’s disease mouse models, clarifying BCAA’s role in AD pathology and assessing BT2’s potential as a disease-modifying therapy. Methods/Study Population: Four groups of mice were used: wild-type vehicle, wild-type with 20 mg BT2, AD vehicle, and AD with 20 mg BT2(3,6-dichlorobenzobthiophene2-carboxylic acid). BT2, an inhibitor of branched-chain aminotransferase 2, was administered intraperitoneally to reduce BCAA accumulation implicated in mTOR overactivation and tau hyperphosphorylation. Cortical tissue samples were collected for RT-qPCR analysis of 17 genes linked to neurodegeneration. Y-Maze behavioral assays assessed spatial memory and cognition. ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey’s tests (α = 0.05) assessed intergroup significance between behavioral and transcriptional outcomes. Additionally, a Random Forest Regressor Model was utilized in order to identify gene expression patterns predictive of cognitive improvement following BT2 treatment. Results/Anticipated Results: BT2 (3,6-dichlorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid) treatment restored Beclin-1, VPS-26, NRF2, and NF-κB expression to near wild-type levels, correlating with improved Y-Maze performance. These changes enhanced autophagy, reduced inflammation, and improved mitochondrial resilience. Partial recovery of BACE1, MFN2, and PSD-95 indicated moderate restoration of amyloid processing and synaptic plasticity. Enrichr analysis highlighted pathways in autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and miRNA regulation, suggesting BT2 exerts neuroprotective effects by modulating metabolic and inflammatory homeostasis. The Random Forest Regressor Model’s Feature importance mapping further revealed that changes in Beclin-1, NRF2, and NF-κB expression most strongly correlated with behavioral recovery. Discussion/Significance of Impact: BT2 shows strong potential in mitigating Alzheimer’s pathology through branched-chain amino acid modulation. It normalizes NRF2, Beclin-1, and NF-κB, promoting neuroprotection and cognitive improvement. This supports BT2 as a promising metabolic therapy warranting further long-term studies.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Prenatal cannabinoid use is increasing and more studies are needed to describe the neurodevelopmental impact on the fetus. However, pregnant cannabinoid users are a “hidden population,” which makes identification of these individuals for research difficult. Our study will employ three methods of recruitment and evaluate the success of each method. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We will recruit a total of 40 women in the third trimester of pregnancy who regularly use cannabinoid products thought to contain tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or cannabidiol (CBD) throughout their pregnancies, and 20 control pregnant women who do not use those products. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of prenatal cannabinoid use on the neurodevelopment of their offspring over the first year of life. We will employ three recruitment methods. First, targeted recruitment will occur in two university-based obstetrical clinics, where the obstetrician will present the study material and contact information. Second, we will utilize social media advertisements targeted to a specific demographic of Facebook users. Finally, we will employ the traditional method of distributing flyers in a non-targeted manner. We will track methods of recruitment success and gather information from the mothers on their preferences for recruitment approaches. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Recruitment will start in January 2020 and continue for several months. We anticipate that the targeted method will yield the highest number of participants, and participants with the best fit for the inclusion criteria. However, it is possible that those women will be deterred by fear of having their drug use status revealed to their care providers, even though all research activity will occur independently from clinic visits and will not be transmitted to the electronic health record. The inclusion of a control group will also help foster “anonymity” for participants. The social media method has the potential for the greatest reach, but we expect many of these potential participants will fail to meet inclusion/exclusion criteria, as this is not as targeted as the first method. We anticipate a similar issue with the flyer-based approach. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Optimizing recruitment of hidden and sensitive populations is crucial for clinical and translational research. Our goal is to identify strategies that can lead to best practices for engagement of those populations. Our conclusions could be applied in recruitment of sensitive populations for other clinical and translational research projects.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Impaired neuromuscular control could lead to the failure in activation and deactivation of the target muscles in a timely manner, with the concurrence of activities of non-targeted muscles. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Stroke leads to impaired capacity to manipulate objects with the hand in terms of timing and strength of grasp. The influence of abnormal coupling across more proximal arm muscles post stroke on the failure in normal functioning of finger flexor muscle activity is of interest to investigate. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We have recruited 12 participants with stroke hemiparesis in the sub-acute or chronic stage. Motor impairment of the arm was assessed using electromyography (EMG) and the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (FMUE) assessment. Participants were requested to flex and relax the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints against motorized resistance in response to audible tones to determine timing and strength during flexion. They were asked to flex maximally, as quickly as possible, in response to the first of a pair of tones, and relax as quickly as possible after the second tone. Delays in initiation and termination were evaluated using EMG responses versus a predefined threshold. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate greater delays in grasp initiation as well as in grasp termination in participants with a greater extent of abnormal coupling across more proximal muscles of the upper extremity in comparison to participants with a less extent, using the results of the FMUE assessment. Also it is expected that participants with a greater extent of the flexion synergy produce a less extent of force generation. The EMG results will show that activities of more proximal arm muscles precede the initiation of MCP flexion and their activity termination precedes that of MCP flexion, significantly more in participants with a greater extent of the flexion synergy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The flexion synergy over the arm following stroke affects the timing and strength of hand grasp. Impaired neuromuscular control could lead to the failure in activation and deactivation of the target muscles in a timely manner, with the concurrence of activities of non-targeted muscles.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Launch a case-based learning collaborative on best practices that meet social, emotional and physical health needs of underserved communities as they relate to environmental toxins—specifically those related to the train derailment in OH. Topics discussed could also include disasters and spills, air quality, extreme heat, and water. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: In response to a call for action delivered by PA’s Acting Secretary of Health, we established a partnership between Penn State CTSI, Project ECHO at Penn State, and Primary Health Network (PHN). PHN is the largest Federally Qualified Health Center in PA, making it uniquely qualified to reach rural providers diagnosing and treating patients impacted by environmental events. Utilizing the ECHO model, we are hosting monthly, 1-hour sessions on environmental determinants of health starting October 2023. Experts in pulmonology, toxicology, atmospheric science, and rural medicine (whom many participants would have limited access to outside of the ECHO platform) and participants have the opportunity to share and learn from their varied experiences exemplifying a culture of ‘all teach, all learn’. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Project ECHO is an ideal model for upscaling workforce quickly, allowing participants to be responsive in the care of their community, regardless of location and access to specialty clinics. 74 participants across 26 PA counties registered for the series, ranging from PCPs, medical directors, and state officials. Upon registration, nearly half of our direct patient-care participants do not routinely conduct an environmental exposure history and almost 70% report receiving questions from their patients related to how the environment might impact their health. More than half of those providers reported feeling unprepared to answer patients’ questions related to the environment’s impact on their health. Evaluation data will be collected at enrollment, after each session, and post-series. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This series could result in: * Reduction of health disparities caused by environmental events (no cost, virtual learning) * Increased preparedness to quickly address health questions/symptoms related to environmental exposures * Increased awareness of the environmental impacts on health. * Improved testing/treatment for patients

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our goal is to explore and collaboratively identify the team science competencies essential for Clinical Research Professionals at all experience levels and how these competencies relate to the Joint Task Force for Clinical Translational Research Professionals Competencies. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Team science competencies for clinical research professionals are poorly defined. The JTF Clinical Trial Competencies lack sufficient emphasis on team science, though it is briefly included in two JTF competency domains: Leadership & Professionalism, and Communication & Teamwork. The competencies primarily focus on tasks related to clinical research and basic knowledge of product development; however, a conceptual model for applying the competencies using a team science lens is needed. Currently, the JTF competency figure is often thought of as sequential, given the competencies are numbered, creating the misconception that the last competencies are less important. We support a new figure showing the permeability of team science across competencies and the connectedness and equality of the competencies. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Our anticipated results are to show the integral nature of team science in clinical research professional communities of practice. Once complete, we will have identified measurable team science competency-based skills essential for clinical research professionals at various levels of expertise. Understanding the multi-dimensional team science competencies will inform targeted team science education and training for clinical research professionals. Our revised competency framework provides an improved team science conceptual model for clinical translational science. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Our work will define team science competencies as related to clinical research professionals at all experience levels. The interdependence of teams across clinical trial activities necessitates a consideration of an improved conceptual framework for clinical translational team science competencies.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most frequently occurring birth defect in the United States affecting about 40,000 infants born every year. Despite significant advances in postsurgical survival, developmental outcomes remain disproportionately poor. Therapeutic hypothermia has been used for neuroprotection during cardiac surgery since the 1950s. Infants undergoing cardiac surgery are typically cooled to 28–33°C during the operation and then rapidly rewarmed to normothermia following surgery at a rate of 1°C every 3–5 minutes to minimize concerns surrounding the risks associated with prolonged bypass exposure. However, emerging evidence from animal models has shown rapid temperature changes following surgery may diminish or even negate the neuroprotective effect of intraoperative hypothermia. No prospective studies have assessed the safety or impact of alternative approaches to postoperative temperature management on the outcome of infants with CHD undergoing cardiac surgery. Therefore, we conducted a pilot study to examine the safety of a novel application of a temperature-regulating device to slowly rewarm infants with congenital heart disease over the 12 hours following cardiac surgery. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: From November 2014 to July 2016, infants with CHD requiring surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass before the age of 12 months were prospectively recruited. Infants were randomized in blocks of 3 with 1 allocated to standard of care and 2 to the experimental protocol. Infants assigned to the standard of care were rewarmed in the operating room while on bypass at a rate of 1°C every 3–5 minutes back to a temperature of 37°C. Infants assigned to the experimental intervention, were rewarmed on bypass to 35°C and then over the subsequent 12 hours following surgery, gradually rewarmed using an FDA approved “cooling blanket” to increase temperature by 0.3°C every 2 hours for 6 hours and then by 0.2°C every 2 hours for 6 hours until the goal temperature of 36.5°C was achieved. Frequency of serious, moderate and other adverse events were tracked. Detailed vital sign data was collected hourly for the first 12 hours after surgery and then every 6 hours for the next 36 hours and included temperature, highest and lowest heart rate, highest and lowest systolic blood pressure, and highest and lowest diastolic blood pressure. Presence or absence of abnormal cardiac rhythms was recorded per 24-hour interval. Chest tube output was recorded in cc/kg/8 hours for as long as the chest tube was in place. Laboratory data points included serum creatinine level, serum glucose level, liver function tests (AST and ALT), platelet count, hematocrit level, PTT, INR, fibrinogen, white blood cell count and lactate. Blood samples for biomarkers of brain injury (s100b and NSE) were obtained on all infants at the following 4 intervals; the preoperative setting for baseline, postoperatively after bypass, on postoperative day 1, and on postoperative day 2. For this safety study, the primary outcome measure was a composite outcome of the frequency of serious adverse events as well as the frequency of any adverse events and was compared among treatment groups. Data were analyzed using an intent to treat analysis. The study was approved by the Maine Medical Center Institutional Review Board. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Seven infants were randomized to the standard of care group and 9 were randomized to the experimental group. There were 2 exclusions after randomization in the standard of care group with 1 death in the operating room and 1 unsuccessful attempt to wean from bypass. The mean temperature upon arrival to the PICU for the experimental infants was 35.2°C (range 34–36°C) and for the standard of care infants was 37.5°C (range 36.9–38.9°C). For the first 8 hours after surgery, infants in the standard of care group had mean temperatures over 37.0°C. There were no significant differences in the frequency of serious, moderate, or other adverse events between the standard of care group and experimental group. No infant in either group had need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation or exploratory surgery within 48 hours following surgery nor did any infant experience any clinically appreciated adverse neurological events such as stroke or seizure. No infant in either group experienced clinically significant bradycardia of less than 100 beats per minute or sustained tachycardia of greater than 160 beats per minute. There was a trend toward lower heart rates in the experimental group. Junctional Ectopic tachycardia (JET) occurred in 2 patients in the experimental group and 1 in the standard of care group. The mean highest INR in both groups was 1.4 (range 1.2–1.6). The mean lowest recorded platelet level in the first 48 hours was 128.8 (range 87–160) in the standard of care group and 123.8 (range 49–229) in the experimental group. Infants in the experimental group had lower chest tube output overall than the standard of care infants. The mean days of intubation for standard of care infants was 5 days (range 1–15 days) and for experimental infants the mean was 3.7 days (range 0–16 d). The PICU length of stay was shorter for the experimental infants (6.9 vs. 12 d for standard of care). The total length of stay was also shorter for experimental infants (12.4 vs. 16.4 d for standard of care). Serum biomarkers of brain injury (s100b and Neuron specific enolase) were elevated in the immediate postoperative period for infants in the standard of care group compared with the experimental group but normalized more quickly for standard of care. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: This small pilot study suggests that mild hypothermia following congenital heart surgery in infants under the age of 12 months is safe as there was no increase in the rate of severe, moderate, or other adverse outcomes in infants who received the experimental treatment of delayed rewarming. This study provides evidence for the efficacy of the cooling blanket in regulating the temperature of infants after surgery. Trends toward lower chest tube output, shorter intubation and decreased length of stay are possibly the result of improved hemodynamic stability in the absence of postoperative fever. Future studies will need to assess the effect of mild hypothermia compared with a normothemic control group.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This study helps translate investigational bedside optical coherence tomography into improved diagnosis and care of preterm infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: In retinopathy of prematurity screening, fundus photography may be of limited quality in eyes with dark fundus pigmentation (FP). The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of FP on overall scan quality and retinal layer visibility on investigational bedside optical coherence tomography (OCT) in preterm infants. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We analyzed 846 OCT scans captured prospectively from 188 eyes of 94 preterm infants enrolled in the BabySTEPS study (NCT02887157). Trained ophthalmologists, masked to OCT findings, determined FP (blond, medium, or dark). Expert graders, masked to FP, evaluated OCT images for: 1) overall OCT quality (excellent, acceptable, poor, or unusable); and 2) all age-appropriate retinal layers visible (yes or no). To assess the association of FP with OCT quality (excellent/acceptable or poor/unusable) and retinal layer visibility, we performed multivariable logistic regression modeling, adjusting for biologic and demographic confounders and correlations from repeated OCT scans and paired eyes. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Mean birthweight was 964 (SD=283) grams, mean gestational age was 27.8 (SD=2.6) weeks, 48 (51%) infants were male, and 51 (54%) were non-white. On exam, 72 (38%) eyes had blond FP, 92 (49%) had medium, and 24 (13%) had dark. OCT quality was excellent or acceptable in 725 scans (86%) and all age-appropriate retinal layers were visible in 781 scans (92%). Compared to eyes with blond FP, eyes with medium and dark FP did not have higher odds of poor/unusable OCT scan quality (adjusted OR 0.87 [95% CI 0.50-1.48] and 0.49 [95% CI 0.16-1.55], respectively) or not all age-appropriate retinal layers visible on OCT (adjusted OR 1.17 [95% CI 0.39-3.51] and 0.57 [95% CI 0.15-2.20], respectively). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Medium and dark FP did not impact overall scan quality or age-appropriate retinal layer visibility on investigational bedside OCT in preterm infants. This study supports the feasibility of using OCT to analyze retinal microanatomy in diverse populations of preterm infants with a range of FP.

Objectives/Goals: Widespread COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was a critical barrier to managing the pandemic. Rural populations represent a key demographic in this challenge, yet the specific drivers of their hesitancy remain underexplored. To address this gap, we analyzed a survey of 454 participants in rural Mississippi to identify key predictors of vaccine hesitancy. Methods/Study Population: We employed six machine learning models and a logistic regression model, using feature importance and partial dependence analyses to understand the influence of demographic, behavioral, and belief-based factors. Results/Anticipated Results: Among participants, 98 (21.6%) reported vaccine hesitancy. The Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) model identified vaccine safety as the most critical predictor, with hesitancy probabilities dropping from 0.4 to below 0.1 among those who agreed that vaccines are safe. Different from some other studies, factors such as vaccine accessibility and healthcare provider support had limited influence. Belief in vaccine safety and education level were the primary drivers of vaccine hesitancy in the rural population. Discussion/Significance of Impact: These findings suggest that public health interventions targeting rural communities must better communicate vaccine safety to effectively combat hesitancy.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The purpose of this study was to provide individuals who have experience with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with a demonstration of how using their therapeutic strategies affects their brain activity. Two challenges that face CBT and other cognitive therapies are (1) sustaining the gradual, incremental behavioral changes characteristic of the treatment and (2) measuring associated biological changes. These challenges may impede treatment efficacy and may negatively affect treatment outcomes, including patient discontinuation of CBT. Ideas for addressing these issues include providing patients with (1) a more immediate indicator of therapy effectiveness as well as (2) a biological index of behavioral change. In this study, we aimed to provide participants with an index of biological change based on therapeutic experiences via use of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rtfMRI) neurofeedback. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We recruited participants who had already completed cognitive therapy as part of a clinical trial for depression at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro (n=13). In the present experiment, participants were asked to provide a list of negative autobiographical memories or worries as well as cognitive strategies they use to cope with negative moods. The task consisted of COUNT, MEMORY, and STRATEGY trials (30 s each). During baseline COUNT trials, participants counted backwards (e.g., 300–4). During MEMORY trials, they viewed phrases previously developed describing their negative autobiographical memories/worries. During STRATEGY trials participants viewed a strategy they use to help them process the memory/worry. First, a localizer run was completed to determine a unique region of interest for each participant. We identified peak activation within the cingulate cortex to the contrast of MEMORY (STRATEGY+COUNT). Although the task was the same, no neurofeedback was displayed during the localizer run. During the feedback runs, participants were shown neurofeedback from the cingulate cortex following both the MEMORY and STRATEGY trials. This activation was represented on a signal bar display and represented the average cingulate activation during the trial. Unlike many rtfMRI studies, the purpose here was not for participants to interact with the neurofeedback directly. Rather, a feedback summary was shown to participants after each MEMORY and STRATEGY trial as an index of how brain activity changed in response to negative memories/worries and therapeutic strategies. Our goal was not for participants to learn to self-regulate the cingulate cortex, but rather to provide participants with a metacognitive demonstration of strategy efficacy. Participants were given detailed instructions regarding the task design, the role of the cingulate cortex in depression, as well as the hypothesized direction of activation during the MEMORY and STRATEGY phases to help them interpret the neurofeedback. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results revealed that “stronger neurofeedback” (defined as the difference between STRATEGY vs. MEMORY trials) correlated with self-reported strategy efficacy ratings immediately following the scan session (p<0.05). More importantly, stronger neurofeedback predicted both self-reported strategy efficacy and frequency of use 1 month following the MRI session (p<0.05). Importantly, this relationship was specific to only those strategies used inside the scanner; and no such relationship was observed at baseline. Neuroimaging results revealed that during the MEMORY phase, activation within inferior frontal gyrus and supramarginal gyrus correlated with baseline BDI score (whole brain, cluster corrected with FSL Flame 1 to p<0.05). During the STRATEGY phase, the periaqueductal gray nucleus, insula, and temporal pole predicted self-reported frequency of strategy use 1 month post-scan session (whole brain, cluster corrected with FSL Flame 1 to p<0.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: We believe this study holds promise to provide a powerful demonstration for individuals that strategies used to cope with negative moods can produce significant changes in their brain.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Previous research has shown acute and chronic alcohol effects on cardiac function, including elevated heart rate (HR) and lowered heart rate variability (HRV). This study aimed to examine the relationship between cardiac reactivity and subjective response following intravenous (IV) alcohol in non-dependent drinkers. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Non-dependent drinkers (N = 46, average age = 25.2) completed a human laboratory IV alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA) session. Subjective response to alcohol was assessed using the Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) and Alcohol Urge Questionnaire (AUQ). Drinking behavior was assessed using the Alcohol Timeline Followback (TLFB) and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). HR was recorded using the Polar Pro Heart Rate monitor throughout the session. HRV measures were calculated using guidelines determined by the Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and The North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Recent drinking history as measured by the AUDIT and TLFB was not significantly different by sex. Results showed heavier drinking measures (AUDIT and TLFB) were positively associated with HRV measures (all p-values < 0.02). Those who reported a greater increase in alcohol craving (AUQ score) and wanted more alcohol (DEQ) following an alcohol prime, showed a greater change in HRV (p < 0.005). When examining HRV change from baseline throughout the priming session, there was a significant sex interaction for NN50 (p < 0.03) and a trend for PNN50 (p-value < 0.07). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Acute IV alcohol alters cardiac reactivity measures in non-dependent drinkers. Future directions include examining the role of sex in HRV changes during alcohol consumption during IV-ASA. Understanding the effect of alcohol on cardiac reactivity and physiology may help characterize those at risk for alcohol use disorders.

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: There are currently no established blood-based biomarkers of recovery and neural repair following stroke in humans. Such biomarkers would be extremely valuable for aiding in stroke prognosis, timing rehabilitation therapies, and designing drugs to augment natural repair mechanisms. Metabolites, including lipids and amino acids, are engaged in many cellular processes and cross the blood-brain barrier more easily than proteins. Recent advances in liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LCMS) allow researchers to obtain a biochemical fingerprint of the metabolites in various biofluids. Thus, metabolite biomarkers of neural repair after brain injury are a promising avenue for future research. Objective: Design and conduct a study to identify metabolite changes in the blood associated with good and poor motor recovery following stroke. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We launched the Biomarkers of Stroke Recovery (BIOREC) study, which seeks to enroll 70 participants suffering arm motor impairment following stroke and 35 matched controls. BIOREC is a longitudinal observational study. Fasting blood samples are collected at 5, 15, and 30 days post-stroke, processed, and stored in the Georgetown Lombardi biorepository. Outcome measures, including measures of motor impairment, cognition and language, are assessed at 5, 15, 30, and 90 days post-stroke. The primary outcome measure is the upper extremity Fugl-Meyer score. Control participants are matched for age +/− 1 yr, race, gender, cardiovascular comorbities, and statin use through a computer algorithm that screens the entire MedStar electronic health record (EHR). Control participants provide 2 fasting blood samples one month apart. Once all samples are collected and sent for LCMS analysis, logistic regression analysis will identify potential metabolite biomarkers by comparing participants with good recovery to those with poor recovery as well as stroke participants to controls. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: To date, forty stroke participants have enrolled from 4 acute care hospitals in the Washington, DC metro region and completed all study procedures. Twenty stroke participants either dropped out or were withdrawn due to other medical concerns. Stroke patients ended up at a variety of venues following their acute hospitalization including the acute rehabilitation hospital, skilled nursing facilities, and home. We learned to overcome these logistical challenges by traveling to wherever the patients were sent and notifying medical providers of their study participation. In rare cases we have paid to transport patients from skilled nursing facilities to the clinic, which has reduced dropouts. In addition to the stroke participants, we have enrolled 7 healthy control participants using the EHR screening algorithm. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Performing a longitudinal study in the early recovery phase following stroke is logistically challenging, but feasible. Difficulty in identifying participants with isolated motor impairment requires added effort to eliminate dropouts. Screening the EHR is an effective method to identify matched controls. Future metabolomics analysis of stored blood samples holds promise to identify biomarkers of stroke recovery and neural repair.

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The training needs of clinical & translational scientists are evolving. Implementation of new curriculum content requires assessment of need, fit with current curriculum, incentives and barriers to implementation. We used implementation science methods to plan the implementation of a dissemination and implementation science training toolkit. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: The Tufts Clinical & Translational Science (CTS) Graduate Program is the training core of the Tufts CTSI and its associated TL1. To assess barriers and facilitators to implementing the University of Washington’s Dissemination and Implementation (D&I) Science Toolkit for TL1 Programs into the Tufts CTS Graduate Program, we used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We developed an interview guide based on CFIR constructs or categories of factors that might influence implementation of the D&I Toolkit and interviewed 8 stakeholders including leadership, trainees and faculty. We compared D&I Toolkit content to the current curriculum on stakeholder engagement (SE) and research study quality improvement (QI) to identify how the D&I Toolkit could be adapted to fit trainee and program needs. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Stakeholder interviews and review of the current curriculum identified facilitators and barriers to implementing the D&I Toolkit in the Tufts CTS Graduate Program. The program has a strong SE focus and fosters the use of research study QI methods. Interviews identified student and faculty desire to implement the D&I content yet time constraints and overlap with the current curriculum were identified. The following plan to adapt the D&I Toolkit content to fit contextual factors was developed and executed: 1. Adapt didactic content to fit into a 90-min session. 2. Highlight the synergy between the current SE curriculum and the role of stakeholders in D&I science. 3. Modify course materials to highlight examples of disseminating local research results. 4. Limit the experiential learning component to a SE plan. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: TL1 training programs must balance competing demands in selecting curriculum content. The CFIR framework was used to systematically assess implementation barriers by engaging program faculty, students and leaders to identify implementation strategies. This process could be useful when evaluating the addition of other educational content.

Objectives/Goals: Planning research studies can be daunting for early-career investigators. The UW Madison Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (ICTR) has many services to assist, but navigating them can be convoluted. Therefore, we developed a method to streamline services for investigators. Methods/Study Population: Investigators were reaching out to ICTR research support services for assistance in the wrong order, delaying their study progress. To streamline ICTR services and improve investigator support, we developed the ICTR COllaborative Network (ICON) that meets weekly to discuss investigator needs and how best ICTR services can assist them. This group consists of members from ICTR’s Research and Protocol Development Program, the Recruitment and Retention Resource Center, and the Collaborative Center for Health Equity. After discussion and decision-making, a member of the group schedules a studio, bringing key services together at one time to help investigators more efficiently. Results/Anticipated Results: The group has worked with 22 investigators, decreasing the time to study implementation. One investigator indicated ICON saved her team over four months of work. Other investigators indicated the assistance with finding community partners and collaborators was essential to their success. We expect ICON, with its goal to streamline regulatory submissions and study planning, will continue to help investigators improve organization during study start up and execution, while enhancing recruitment strategies. This will result in quicker study completion and the capability to move forward with future projects and grant submissions. Discussion/Significance of Impact: ICON streamlined the consult process, improved efficiency of study planning, and brought together various experts for studio meetings with investigators. This efficient method can improve study function and execution for early-career investigators resulting in improved study success.

Participants in the leadership breakout session at the Clinical Translational Science Awards (CTSA) virtual 2020 conference discussed and ranked six recommendations in terms of feasibility, impact, and priority for advancing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) efforts to elevate underrepresented populations to leadership positions in CTSAs and their broader institutions. A thematic analysis of chat and polling data identified challenges and opportunities to achieve DEI goals, with the three most promising recommendations as: cross-institutional Principal Investigator (P.I.) action-learning workgroups, transparent policies for recruiting and promoting underrepresented minorities (URM) leadership, and a clear succession plan to nurture and elevate URM leaders. Suggestions are made to improve DEI in CTSA leadership and allow for greater representation in the translational science field.

This pilot 2-week, randomized controlled trial examined integrating digital storytelling (DST) with heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVB) to enhance psycho-emotional well-being of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) patients. HCT patients (N = 25; Mage = 51.9 years) were randomly assigned: (1) DST + HRVB intervention, or (2) DST-only control. Both groups viewed four emotionally-rich digital stories. The DST + HRVB group practiced HRVB at home for ten minutes/day. DST + HRVB participants decreased anger, depression, fatigue (d = 0.53) and increased emotional processing (d = 0.20), and HRV-assessed autonomic nervous system balance (3.5 vs. 0.9). This study supports feasibility of integrating DST with HRVB, and effect sizes indicate superiority of combining DST with HRVB.