High CO2 emissions and rising energy costs in the construction materials industry have increased the demand for innovative, environmentally friendly and energy-efficient construction materials. Gravel wash mud (GWM) is a widely available industrial by-product generated during gravel mining: its fine particle size and high clay mineral content make it a promising raw material for use in cementitious systems. Quartzite dust is another industrial by-product that can be used to improve the physical properties of cement. A NaOH solution was used as the alkali activator for cement synthesis, avoiding the need for soluble silicates. The calcined kaolinite-rich GWM acts as a highly effective binder in cement formulations containing quartzite dust. Surprisingly, only a small amount of calcined clay is required: a mixture containing 90 wt.% quartzite dust and 10 wt.% GWM significantly reduced the demand for alkali activator and the associated production costs. The curing regime was critical for attaining high strength and was specifically optimized for this cement system. For the formulation containing 90 wt.% quartzite dust and 10 wt.% GWM, compressive strength increased from 2.07 MPa under room-temperature curing to 72.6 MPa under optimized curing conditions, corresponding to a ∼35-fold improvement. To demonstrate a practical application, graphite powder was incorporated as an electrically conductive additive. Variation of quartzite content reduced the electrical resistivity of graphite-containing formulations by approximately five orders of magnitude compared with formulations containing only GWM and graphite, highlighting their potential for resistance-heating and thermal energy-storage applications.