This study collected data on paragonimiasis cases from 13 medical institutions in Chongqing between 2010 and 2024 to analyse their epidemiological characteristics, spatio-temporal distribution and high-risk areas. The data included demographic characteristics, epidemiological history, clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria. We established a database using Microsoft Excel, performed time series analysis and Kruskal–Wallis tests with R software, and used ArcGIS for global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses to identify spatio-temporal clustering patterns. A total of 1986 cases were reported from 13 institutions, including 33 (1.66%) confirmed, 468 (23.57%) clinically diagnosed and 1485 (74.77%) suspected cases. Cases were predominantly male (69.74%) and young, with 85.95% under 20 years old and most having low educational attainment. Cases showed a significant declining trend (Mann–Kendall τ = −0.676) and strong seasonality, with 56.20% occurring between March and August (H = 17.108). Spatial analysis revealed significant global positive correlation (Global Moran’s I = 0.337), with northeastern Chongqing as a stable high-risk cluster and the western region as a low-risk cluster. Paragonimiasis in Chongqing demonstrates distinct gender, age, seasonal and spatial patterns. Targeted health education, improved diagnosis and strengthened surveillance in northeastern Chongqing are essential for effective prevention and control.

The use of future subjunctive (FS) has suffered a steady decline in written Spanish from the fourteenth century. It is not clear whether it disappeared similarly in each clause, and whether its use was determined by regional distinctions to be considered as a dialectal feature. Granda (1986) suggested that the Hispanic Caribbean countries in the Americas were more conservative in the use of FS in contrast to other regions in a southerly direction. Ramírez-Luengo (2008), however, argued that FS decline occurred uniformly in the Americas, with the eighteenth century being the critical time for the substitution. In a sample of 45 legal documents (60,852 words) from the sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, issued in northwest and southwest Colombia, the proportions of FS and other alternating forms were equally likely in both regions. FS tabulations were less likely to occur in the nineteenth century within relative clauses, while they were equally likely to occur in conditional protases. This suggests that FS in written Spanish does not show dialectal differences and that its decline might have occurred earlier in relative clauses than conditional protases, probably due to a stylistic motivation.